Difference between revisions of "BrainAreaFEC"

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* [http://www.intechopen.com/source/html/40109/media/image1.jpeg Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract] - see [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Reference]
 
* [http://www.intechopen.com/source/html/40109/media/image1.jpeg Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract] - see [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Reference]
  
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* [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/images/nn.3779-F2.jpg Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Reference]
 
* [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/images/nn.3779-F2.jpg Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Reference]
  
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* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/2/2d/Hb-connections-small.jpg/800px-Hb-connections-small.jpg Habenula Connections] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula Reference]
 
* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/2/2d/Hb-connections-small.jpg/800px-Hb-connections-small.jpg Habenula Connections] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula Reference]
  
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* [http://img.springerimages.com/Images/Springer/PUB=Springer-Verlag-Berlin-Heidelberg/JOU=00359/VOL=2005.191/ISU=3/ART=2004_565/MediaObjects/WATER_s00359-004-0565-9fhc1.jpg Oculomotor decision-making] - see [http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Reference]
 
* [http://img.springerimages.com/Images/Springer/PUB=Springer-Verlag-Berlin-Heidelberg/JOU=00359/VOL=2005.191/ISU=3/ART=2004_565/MediaObjects/WATER_s00359-004-0565-9fhc1.jpg Oculomotor decision-making] - see [http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Reference]
  
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* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference]
 
* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference]
  
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* [http://www.mdvu.org/images/par_path2.jpg Normal Functional Anatomy of Basal Ganglia] - see [http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp Reference]
 
* [http://www.mdvu.org/images/par_path2.jpg Normal Functional Anatomy of Basal Ganglia] - see [http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp Reference]
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* [http://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/70852/fnhum-07-00826-HTML/image_m/fnhum-07-00826-g002.jpg Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection] - see [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00826/full Reference]
 
* [http://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/70852/fnhum-07-00826-HTML/image_m/fnhum-07-00826-g002.jpg Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection] - see [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00826/full Reference]
  
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* [http://sni.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/3520/SNI-3-40-g001.png Amygdala and its network] - see [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Reference]
 
* [http://sni.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/3520/SNI-3-40-g001.png Amygdala and its network] - see [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Reference]
  
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* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/6/63/Taube_Figure_5a.png Head Direction Cell Circuit] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Reference]
 
* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/6/63/Taube_Figure_5a.png Head Direction Cell Circuit] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Reference]
  
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* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/images/nrn2849-f7.jpg Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html Reference]
 
* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/images/nrn2849-f7.jpg Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html Reference]
  
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* [http://d2avczb82rh8fa.cloudfront.net/content/jn/107/10/2633/F1.large.jpg Connectivity map of the habenula] - see [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Reference]
 
* [http://d2avczb82rh8fa.cloudfront.net/content/jn/107/10/2633/F1.large.jpg Connectivity map of the habenula] - see [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Reference]
  
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* [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royptb/364/1519/1005/F1.large.jpg Connectivity of dorsal diencephalic conduction system] - see [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1519/1005 Reference]
 
* [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royptb/364/1519/1005/F1.large.jpg Connectivity of dorsal diencephalic conduction system] - see [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1519/1005 Reference]
  
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* [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/images/8-Urges9proof.jpg Craving] - see [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Reference]
 
* [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/images/8-Urges9proof.jpg Craving] - see [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Reference]
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* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/images/nrn1345-i1.jpg Saccadic Vision] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Reference]
 
* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/images/nrn1345-i1.jpg Saccadic Vision] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Reference]
  
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* [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.large.jpg Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory] - see [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Reference]
 
* [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.large.jpg Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory] - see [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Reference]
  
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* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference]
 
* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference]
  
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Revision as of 12:46, 15 June 2016

Forebrain Execution Control Area

Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaFEC

Local Circuits

(generated)

ID Name Regions
FECAF Cognitive Motivational Salience FEC.FD.STN.DL, FEC.FT.ACC.SH, FEC.FT.GPE.RM, FEC.FT.GPI.RM, FEC.FT.VP.VM
FECEXE Executive/Cognitive Loop FEC.FD.STN.CD, FEC.FT.CN.HD, FEC.FT.GPE.DS, FEC.FT.GPI.DS, FEC.FT.SNC.LT, FEC.FT.SNR.RM
FECLM Motor Motivational Salience FEC.FT.ACC.CORE, FEC.FT.CN.TL, FEC.FT.IPAC.LT, FEC.FT.PU.VT, FEC.FT.SNC.MED, FEC.FT.SNR.MED, FEC.FT.VP.DL
FECME Motor Extensor Loop FEC.FD.STN.MED, FEC.FD.TH.PF, FEC.FT.GPE.MED, FEC.FT.GPI.MED, FEC.FT.PU.MED, FEC.FT.SNR.DL
FECMF Motor Flexor Loop FEC.FD.STN.LT, FEC.FD.TH.CM, FEC.FT.GPE.LT, FEC.FT.GPI.LT, FEC.FT.PU.LT, FEC.HT.TG.IPD, FEC.HT.TG.RMTG
FECOM Oculomotor and Auditory/Association Loop FEC.FD.STN.ICD, FEC.FT.CN.BD, FEC.FT.GPE.DL, FEC.FT.GPI.DL, FEC.FT.SNR.VL

Cognitive Motivational Salience

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FD.STN.DL Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral nucleus FEU Motivational loop
FEC.FT.ACC.SH Nucleus Accumbens Shell nucleus FEU cognitive processing of motivational salience (wanting) as well as reward and
reinforcement effects
FEC.FT.GPE.RM Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial nucleus FEU Motivational loop
FEC.FT.GPI.RM Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial nucleus FEU Motivational loop
FEC.FT.VP.VM Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial nucleus FEU motivational loop, NAcc-shell projects to VTA, MD; circuit - VP-VM-medial, VMPFC,
NAcc-medial-shell, MD-rostral-medial; circuit -
VP-VM-lateral, VINS, NAcc-VL, MD-central

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FD.STN.DL FEC.FT.GPE.RM nucleus-nucleus Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.RM nucleus-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.VM nucleus-nucleus Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (STN -> VP, abstract)
FEC.FT.ACC.SH FEC.FT.VP.VM nucleus-nucleus-gaba Craving (NACC -> VPAL, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.RM FEC.FT.GPI.RM nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NCP FEC.FT.ACC.SH NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex neocortex-nucleus (unknown reference)
NDM FEC.FD.STN.DL NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex neocortex-nucleus Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)
FEC.FT.ACC.SH NDM.NC.AL.VACG Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC FEC.FT.ACC.SH FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNC.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.RM FEC.FT.CN.TL Caudate Nucleus Tail nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.VM FEC.FT.IPAC.LT Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LAC FEC.FT.ACC.SH LAC.FD.HT.VM Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VMN -> NAc, abstract)
LMC FEC.FT.ACC.SH LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-DA Craving (VTA -> NACC, abstract)
LPC FEC.FT.ACC.SH LPC.HL.SOL Solitary Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (NTS -> NAc, abstract)
LPC.HT.PRF.PB Parabrachial Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> NAc, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NCP FEC.FT.VP.VM NCP.FD.TH.MDC Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
NDM FEC.FT.GPI.RM NDM.FD.TH.MDM Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FT.ACC.SH FAM.FD.MHB Medial Habenula nucleus-nucleus-gaba Connectivity map of the habenula (NAc -> M, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.VM FAM.FD.LHB.MED Lateral Habenula Medial Part nucleus-nucleus-gaba Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (VP -> LHbM, abstract)
FAM.FD.TH.PT Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
FEC FEC.FD.STN.DL FEC.FT.PU.VT Ventral Putamen nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.ACC.SH FEC.FT.IPAC.LT Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPE.RM FEC.FT.SNR.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.RM FEC.FT.SNC.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.VM FEC.HT.TG.RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LAC FEC.FT.ACC.SH LAC.FD.HT.LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.FT.ACC.SH LMC.FT.NBM Basal Nucleus of Meynert nucleus-nucleus-gaba Affective basal ganglia circuit (NACC -> nBM, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.VM LMC.HT.TG.PPN Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei nucleus-nucleus-gaba Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning (VPAL -> PPTG, abstract)
LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-gaba Craving (VPAL -> VTA, abstract)

Executive/Cognitive Loop

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FD.STN.CD Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal nucleus FEU Executive loop
FEC.FT.CN.HD Caudate Nucleus Head nucleus FEU Feedback processing, result of incorrect categorization LPFC, BA 9
FEC.FT.GPE.DS Globus Pallidus External Dorsal nucleus FEU Executive loop
FEC.FT.GPI.DS Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal nucleus FEU Executive loop output nucleus for caudate nucleus
FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus FEU executive loop DP, dorsal circuits
FEC.FT.SNR.RM Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Rostromedial nucleus FEU Executive loop

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FD.STN.CD FEC.FT.GPE.DS nucleus-nucleus Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.DS nucleus-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.RM nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.CN.HD FEC.FT.GPI.DS nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNC.LT nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.RM nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.DS FEC.FT.GPI.DS nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.RM nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.DS FEC.FT.SNC.LT nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.RM FEC.FT.SNC.LT nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NDM FEC.FD.STN.CD NDM.NC.AL.DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area neocortex-nucleus Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (ACG -> STN, abstract)
FEC.FT.CN.HD NDM.NC.AL.DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FT.SNC.LT FAM.FD.LHB.MED Lateral Habenula Medial Part nucleus-nucleus Habenula Connections (LHb -> SNc, abstract)
FEC FEC.FT.SNC.LT FEC.FT.SNR.DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral nucleus-nucleus-gaba Oculomotor decision-making (SNr -> SNc)
FEC.HT.TG.IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)
LAC FEC.FD.STN.CD LAC.FD.HT.VM Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
LRC FEC.FT.SNC.LT LRC.MM.SC.DEEP Deep Superior Colliculus nucleus-nucleus Global visual system (SCi -> SNc, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NMA FEC.FT.GPI.DS NMA.FD.TH.VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FT.GPI.DS FAM.FD.LHB.LT Lateral Habenula Lateral Part nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (GPi -> LHb, abstract)
FEC FEC.FT.CN.HD FEC.FT.GPE.MED Globus Pallidus External Medial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (CN.PU -> GP, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNC.LT FEC.FT.ACC.SH Nucleus Accumbens Shell nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.LT Dorsal Putamen Lateral nucleus-nucleus-DA Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (SNC -> PU)
FEC.FT.PU.MED Dorsal Putamen Medial nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
LLC FEC.FT.SNC.LT LLC.HT.CR.CC Cerebellar Lateral Lobe nucleus-allocortex-DA Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (SN -> CR, abstract)
LLC.MM.RD Red Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-DA (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.FD.STN.CD LMC.FT.NBM Basal Nucleus of Meynert nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)

Motor Motivational Salience

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FT.ACC.CORE Nucleus Accumbens Core nucleus FEU cognitive processing of motor function related to reward and reinforcement;
encodes new motor programs which facilitate acquisition of given reward in future
FEC.FT.CN.TL Caudate Nucleus Tail nucleus FEU Successful classification learning, correct categorization ITC, STC
FEC.FT.IPAC.LT Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus nucleus FAU Striatal territory innervates the pallidal complex, substantia nigra
and retrorubral field
FEC.FT.PU.VT Ventral Putamen nucleus FEU Evaluation of flavors, taste, motivation loop
FEC.FT.SNC.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial nucleus FEU motivational loop VP, ventral circuits
FEC.FT.SNR.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial nucleus FEU Motivational loop
FEC.FT.VP.DL Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral nucleus FEU motivational loop, NAcc-core projects to STN, MD; circuit - VP-DL-rostral,
DLPFC, NAcc-core-rostral, MD-rostral-lateral;
circuit - VP-DL-caudal, DINS, NAcc-core-caudal,
MD-caudal-medial

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FT.ACC.CORE FEC.FT.SNC.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba Craving (NACC -> SNr, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.DL nucleus-nucleus-gaba Craving (NACC -> VPAL, abstract)
FEC.FT.CN.TL FEC.FT.SNR.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.VT FEC.FT.SNR.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED FEC.FT.SNC.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.VP.DL FEC.FT.SNR.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba Craving (VPAL -> SNr, abstract)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NDM FEC.FT.ACC.CORE NDM.FD.TH.PV Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
NDM.NC.AL.FPC Lateral Frontopolar Cortex neocortex-nucleus Affective basal ganglia circuit (OMPFC -> NACC, abstract)
FEC.FT.CN.TL NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.VT NDM.NC.AL.VACG Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED NDM.NC.AL.FPC Lateral Frontopolar Cortex neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FT.ACC.CORE FAM.FD.TH.PT Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FAM.FT.AM.BP Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Amygdala and its network (BLN -> NACC, abstract)
FEC.FT.CN.TL FAM.FT.AM.AB Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNC.MED FAM.FT.BNST Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC FEC.FT.IPAC.LT FEC.FT.ACC.SH Nucleus Accumbens Shell nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.PU.VT FEC.FD.STN.DL Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNC.MED FEC.FT.GPI.RM Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> SNc, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED FEC.FD.STN.DL Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPE.RM Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FMM FEC.FT.ACC.CORE FMM.FD.TH.RH Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FMM.FT.HC.CA1D Distal CA1 of Hippocampus allocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (CA1 -> NACC, abstract)
FMM.FT.HF.SUBD Distal Subiculum allocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (SUB -> NACC, abstract)
FMM.FT.HF.SUBP Proximal Subiculum allocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (SUB -> NACC, abstract)
FMM.NC.PH.LEC Lateral Entorhinal Cortex neocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (EC -> NACC, abstract)
FMM.NC.PH.PAS Parasubiculum neocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (PAS -> NACC, abstract)
FMM.NC.PH.PER Perirhinal Cortex neocortex-nucleus Nucleus Accumbens (PRR -> NACC, abstract)
LMC FEC.FT.SNC.MED LMC.HT.LC Locus Coeruleus nucleus-nucleus-NE (unknown reference)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NMA FEC.FT.SNR.MED NMA.FD.TH.MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
FEC.FT.VP.DL NMA.FD.TH.MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FT.ACC.CORE FAM.FD.LHB.LT Lateral Habenula Lateral Part nucleus-nucleus-gaba Connectivity map of the habenula (NAc -> L, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.VT FAM.FT.EPF Endopiriform Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Connectivity map of the habenula (CPu -> EP, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNC.MED FAM.FT.AM.CEM Medial Central Amygdaloid Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-DA (unknown reference)
FEC FEC.FT.CN.TL FEC.FT.GPI.RM Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.IPAC.LT FEC.FT.SNR.DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.VP.VM Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNC.MED FEC.FT.ACC.SH Nucleus Accumbens Shell nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED FEC.HT.TG.IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LAC FEC.FT.SNC.MED LAC.FD.HT.SUM Supramammillary Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-DA (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.FT.ACC.CORE LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-gaba Reward circuit of human brain (NACC -> VTA, abstract)
LRC FEC.FT.SNC.MED LRC.HT.PRF.PVR Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-DA (unknown reference)

Motor Extensor Loop

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FD.STN.MED Subthalamic Nucleus Medial nucleus FEU Motor Extensor loop
FEC.FD.TH.PF Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus FEU Stimulation of acetylcholine release in dorsal striata Part of ascending activating system
FEC.FT.GPE.MED Globus Pallidus External Medial nucleus FEU Extensor loop Body extensor movements, trunk and girdles
FEC.FT.GPI.MED Globus Pallidus Internal Medial nucleus FEU Motor extensor loop indirect path
FEC.FT.PU.MED Dorsal Putamen Medial nucleus FEU Extensor motor initiation dorsomedial, SMC and PMC - overlap, BA 6,46
FEC.FT.SNR.DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral nucleus FEU Extensor motor loop, head

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FD.STN.MED FEC.FT.GPE.MED nucleus-nucleus Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.MED nucleus-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL nucleus-nucleus Saccadic Vision (STN -> SNpr, abstract)
FEC.FD.TH.PF FEC.FT.PU.MED nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPE.MED FEC.FT.GPI.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.MED FEC.FD.TH.PF nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.MED FEC.FT.GPE.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba Basal Ganglia Activity (PU -> GPo, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.MED nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL nucleus-nucleus-gaba Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NMA FEC.FD.STN.MED NMA.NC.SMC.F6 Pre-Supplementary Motor Area neocortex-nucleus Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.MED NMA.NC.PMC.F2 Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NMA.NC.PMC.F5 Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex neocortex-nucleus Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> BG, abstract)
NMA.NC.SMC.F3 Supplementary Motor Area neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NMA.NC.SMC.F6 Pre-Supplementary Motor Area neocortex-nucleus Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> BG, abstract)
NPE FEC.FD.STN.MED NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF Anterior Frontal Eye Field neocortex-nucleus Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (FEF -> STN, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.FD.TH.PF FAM.FT.SEP.MED Medial Septal Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh (unknown reference)
FEC FEC.FT.GPE.MED FEC.FT.CN.HD Caudate Nucleus Head nucleus-nucleus-gaba Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (CN.PU -> GP, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.MED FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus-nucleus-DA Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL FEC.FT.CN.BD Caudate Nucleus Body nucleus-nucleus-gaba Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)
FEC.FT.IPAC.LT Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.FD.STN.MED LMC.HT.TG.PPN Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei nucleus-nucleus-ACh Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (PPN -> STN, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.MED LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-DA Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VTA -> DS, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL LMC.HT.TG.PPN Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei nucleus-nucleus-ACh Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (PPN -> SNr, abstract)
LPC FEC.FT.PU.MED LPC.HT.PRF.PB Parabrachial Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> DS, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NMA FEC.FT.GPI.MED NMA.FD.TH.VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL NMA.FD.TH.VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC FEC.FT.SNR.DL FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus-nucleus-gaba Oculomotor decision-making (SNr -> SNc)
LRC FEC.FT.SNR.DL LRC.MM.SC.INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Global visual system (SNr -> SCi, abstract)

Motor Flexor Loop

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FD.STN.LT Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral nucleus FEU Motor Flexor loop
FEC.FD.TH.CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus FEU Control of level of cortical activity Lesions lead to persistent vegetative state
FEC.FT.GPE.LT Globus Pallidus External Lateral nucleus FEU Flexor loop
FEC.FT.GPI.LT Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral nucleus FEU Motor flexor loop output nuclei of basal ganglia to neocortex, leg,
arm, face; lateral - leg, medial - arm, ventral -
face
FEC.FT.PU.LT Dorsal Putamen Lateral nucleus FEU Flexor motor initiation ventrolateral, D1 receptor, MC and S1 - overlap,
TH/CM from GPi; DL-leg, RL-face, VM-arms
FEC.HT.TG.IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus nucleus FEU postural control, voluntary arm and eye movements unpaired
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus nucleus FEU locomotion - walking, running VTA tail

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FD.STN.LT FEC.FT.GPE.LT nucleus-nucleus Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.LT nucleus-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FD.TH.CM FEC.FT.PU.LT nucleus-nucleus Thalamocortical relationships (CM -> pCM, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.LT FEC.FT.GPI.LT nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPI.LT FEC.FD.TH.CM nucleus-nucleus-gaba Thalamocortical relationships (sCM -> CM, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.LT FEC.FT.GPI.LT nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.IPD FEC.FD.STN.LT nucleus-nucleus-ACh (unknown reference)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG FEC.HT.TG.IPD nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NCP FEC.FT.PU.LT NCP.FD.TH.RIL Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
NCP.NC.PG.S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex neocortex-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (S1 -> PU, abstract)
NMA FEC.FD.STN.LT NMA.NC.MC Motor Cortex neocortex-nucleus Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.LT NMA.NC.MC Motor Cortex neocortex-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM FEC.HT.TG.IPD FAM.FD.MHB Medial Habenula nucleus-nucleus Connectivity map of the habenula (M -> IPN)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG FAM.FD.LHB.LT Lateral Habenula Lateral Part nucleus-nucleus Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (LHbL -> RMTg)
FAM.FD.LHB.MED Lateral Habenula Medial Part nucleus-nucleus Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection (LHbM -> RMTg)
FEC FEC.FT.PU.LT FEC.FT.CN.BD Caudate Nucleus Body nucleus-nucleus-gaba Regulation of Social Brain (Caud -> Put, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus-nucleus-DA Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (SNC -> PU)
FEC.HT.TG.IPD FEC.FD.STN.ICD Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG FEC.FT.VP.VM Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LLC FEC.FD.TH.CM LLC.HT.CR.EN Emboliform Nucleus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.FT.PU.LT LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-DA Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VTA -> DS, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.IPD LMC.HT.LC Locus Coeruleus nucleus-nucleus-NE Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms (LC -> IPN)
LMC.HT.TG.LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh (unknown reference)
LPC FEC.FT.PU.LT LPC.HT.PRF.PB Parabrachial Nucleus nucleus-nucleus Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> DS, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NMA FEC.FT.GPI.LT NMA.FD.TH.VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)
NSA FEC.HT.TG.IPD NSA.FD.LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh (unknown reference)
Subcortical
FEC FEC.HT.TG.IPD FEC.FT.SNC.LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral nucleus-nucleus-ACh Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG FEC.FT.SNC.MED Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial nucleus-nucleus-gaba Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> SNc, abstract)
FMM FEC.HT.TG.IPD FMM.FT.HC.CA3P Proximal CA3 of Hippocampus nucleus-allocortex-ACh Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Hippo, abstract)
LAC FEC.HT.TG.RMTG LAC.FD.HT.VLPO Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LMC FEC.HT.TG.IPD LMC.HL.RP.MG Raphe Magnus Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Raphe, abstract)
LMC.HT.TG.LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh Head Direction Cell Circuit (IPD -> DTN)
LMC.MM.PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter nucleus-nucleus-ACh Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> PAG)
LMC.MM.RP.DRN Dorsal Raphe Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-ACh Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> DRN)
LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-ACh Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> VTA)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG LMC.HL.RP.MG Raphe Magnus Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> MRN, abstract)
LMC.HT.TG.LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)
LMC.MM.RP.DRN Dorsal Raphe Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> DRN)
LMC.MM.VTA Ventral Tegmental Area nucleus-nucleus-gaba Amygdala and its network (RMTG -> VTA)
LRC FEC.HT.TG.IPD LRC.MM.SC.INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus nucleus-nucleus-ACh (unknown reference)

Oculomotor and Auditory/Association Loop

unavailable

Component ID Component Name Type Service Function Comments
FEC.FD.STN.ICD Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal nucleus FEU Oculomotor loop
FEC.FT.CN.BD Caudate Nucleus Body nucleus FEU Oculomotor learning FEF, SEF
FEC.FT.GPE.DL Globus Pallidus External Dorsolateral nucleus FEU Oculomotor loop
FEC.FT.GPI.DL Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsolateral nucleus FEU Oculomotor loop
FEC.FT.SNR.VL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Ventrolateral nucleus FEU Oculomotor loop

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region Target Region Type Reference
FEC.FD.STN.ICD FEC.FT.GPE.DL nucleus-nucleus Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.DL nucleus-nucleus Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.VL nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.CN.BD FEC.FT.GPI.DL nucleus-nucleus-gaba Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.VL nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.DL FEC.FT.GPI.DL nucleus-nucleus-gaba (unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area Local Region Source Region Source Name Type Reference
Cortical
NCP FEC.FT.CN.BD NCP.FD.TH.LI Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
NDM FEC.FT.CN.BD NDM.NC.AL.VACG Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NPE FEC.FT.CN.BD NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF Anterior Frontal Eye Field neocortex-nucleus Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NSA FEC.FT.CN.BD NSA.NC.IT.TE Inferotemporal Cortex neocortex-nucleus (unknown reference)
NSA.NC.TTG.A2 Auditory Association Area neocortex-nucleus (unknown reference)
Subcortical
LMC FEC.FD.STN.ICD LMC.MM.RP.SUC Superior Central Raphe Nucleus nucleus-nucleus-5HT (unknown reference)
LRC FEC.FD.STN.ICD LRC.MM.PT.PTA Anterior Pretectum Nucleus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area Local Region Target Region Target Name Type Reference
Cortical
NPE FEC.FT.GPI.DL NPE.FD.TH.LP Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC FEC.FD.STN.ICD FEC.HT.TG.IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus nucleus-nucleus (unknown reference)
FEC.FT.CN.BD FEC.FT.PU.LT Dorsal Putamen Lateral nucleus-nucleus-gaba Regulation of Social Brain (Caud -> Put, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral nucleus-nucleus-gaba Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)
LRC FEC.FT.SNR.VL LRC.MM.SC.INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus nucleus-nucleus-gaba Saccadic Vision (BG -> SCi, abstract)

Thirdparty Circuits

(generated)

unavailable

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References

(generated)

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