BrainAreaFEC

Forebrain Execution Control Area

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Local Circuits

(generated)

ID	Name	Regions
FECAF	Cognitive Motivational Salience	FEC.FD.STN.DL, FEC.FT.ACC.SH, FEC.FT.GPE.RM, FEC.FT.GPI.RM, FEC.FT.VP.VM
FECEXE	Executive/Cognitive Loop	FEC.FD.STN.CD, FEC.FT.CN.HD, FEC.FT.GPE.DS, FEC.FT.GPI.DS, FEC.FT.SNC.LT, FEC.FT.SNR.RM
FECLM	Motor Motivational Salience	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE, FEC.FT.CN.TL, FEC.FT.IPAC.LT, FEC.FT.PU.VT, FEC.FT.SNC.MED, FEC.FT.SNR.MED, FEC.FT.VP.DL
FECME	Motor Extensor Loop	FEC.FD.STN.MED, FEC.FD.TH.PF, FEC.FT.GPE.MED, FEC.FT.GPI.MED, FEC.FT.PU.MED, FEC.FT.SNR.DL
FECMF	Motor Flexor Loop	FEC.FD.STN.LT, FEC.FD.TH.CM, FEC.FD.TH.RIL, FEC.FT.GPE.LT, FEC.FT.GPI.LT, FEC.FT.PU.LT, FEC.HT.TG.IPD, FEC.HT.TG.RMTG
FECOM	Oculomotor and Auditory/Association Loop	FEC.FD.STN.ICD, FEC.FD.TH.LI, FEC.FT.CN.BD, FEC.FT.GPE.DL, FEC.FT.GPI.DL, FEC.FT.SNR.VL

Cognitive Motivational Salience

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FD.STN.DL	Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral	nucleus	FEU	Motivational loop
FEC.FT.ACC.SH	Nucleus Accumbens Shell	nucleus	FEU	cognitive processing of motivational salience (wanting) as well as reward and reinforcement effects
FEC.FT.GPE.RM	Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial	nucleus	FEU	Motivational loop
FEC.FT.GPI.RM	Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial	nucleus	FEU	Motivational loop
FEC.FT.VP.VM	Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial	nucleus	FEU	motivational loop, NAcc-shell	projects to VTA, MD; circuit - VP-VM-medial, VMPFC, NAcc-medial-shell, MD-rostral-medial; circuit - VP-VM-lateral, VINS, NAcc-VL, MD-central

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FD.STN.DL	FEC.FT.GPE.RM	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	nucleus-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.VM	nucleus-nucleus	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (STN -> VP, abstract)
FEC.FT.ACC.SH	FEC.FT.VP.VM	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Craving (NACC -> VPAL, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.RM	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NCP	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG	Posterior Cingulate Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	(unknown reference)
NDM	FEC.FD.STN.DL	NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR	Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	NDM.NC.AL.VACG	Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
		FEC.FT.SNC.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	FEC.FT.CN.TL	Caudate Nucleus Tail	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.VM	FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LAC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	LAC.FD.HT.VM	Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VMN -> NAc, abstract)
LMC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Craving (VTA -> NACC, abstract)
LPC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	LPC.HL.SOL	Solitary Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (NTS -> NAc, abstract)
		LPC.HT.PRF.PB	Parabrachial Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> NAc, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NCP	FEC.FT.VP.VM	NCP.FD.TH.MDC	Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
NDM	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	NDM.FD.TH.MDM	Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	FAM.FD.MHB	Medial Habenula	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Connectivity map of the habenula (NAc -> M, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.VM	FAM.FD.LHB.MED	Lateral Habenula Medial Part	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (VP -> LHbM, abstract)
		FAM.FD.TH.PT	Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
FEC	FEC.FD.STN.DL	FEC.FT.PU.VT	Ventral Putamen	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		FEC.FT.SNR.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.GPE.RM	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.VM	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LAC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	LAC.FD.HT.LTN	Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LLC	FEC.FT.VP.VM	LLC.HT.TG.PPN	Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning (VPAL -> PPTG, abstract)
LMC	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	LMC.FT.NBM	Basal Nucleus of Meynert	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Affective basal ganglia circuit (NACC -> nBM, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.VM	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Craving (VPAL -> VTA, abstract)

Executive/Cognitive Loop

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FD.STN.CD	Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal	nucleus	FEU	Executive loop
FEC.FT.CN.HD	Caudate Nucleus Head	nucleus	FEU	Feedback processing, result of incorrect categorization	LPFC, BA 9
FEC.FT.GPE.DS	Globus Pallidus External Dorsal	nucleus	FEU	Executive loop
FEC.FT.GPI.DS	Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal	nucleus	FEU	Executive loop	output nucleus for caudate nucleus
FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus	FEU	executive loop	DP, dorsal circuits
FEC.FT.SNR.RM	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Rostromedial	nucleus	FEU	Executive loop

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FD.STN.CD	FEC.FT.GPE.DS	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	nucleus-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.RM	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.CN.HD	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.RM	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.DS	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNR.RM	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.DS	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.SNR.RM	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NDM	FEC.FD.STN.CD	NDM.NC.AL.DACG	Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area	neocortex-nucleus	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (ACG -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.CN.HD	NDM.NC.AL.DACG	Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
		NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL	Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	FAM.FD.LHB.MED	Lateral Habenula Medial Part	nucleus-nucleus	Habenula Connections (LHb -> SNc, abstract)
FEC	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Oculomotor decision-making (SNr -> SNc)
		FEC.HT.TG.IPD	Interpeduncular Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)
LAC	FEC.FD.STN.CD	LAC.FD.HT.VM	Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
LRC	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	LRC.MM.SC.DEEP	Deep Superior Colliculus	nucleus-nucleus	Global visual system (SCi -> SNc, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	NMA.FD.TH.VA	Ventral Anterior Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	FAM.FD.LHB.LT	Lateral Habenula Lateral Part	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (GPi -> LHb, abstract)
FEC	FEC.FT.CN.HD	FEC.FT.GPE.MED	Globus Pallidus External Medial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (CN.PU -> GP, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	Nucleus Accumbens Shell	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
		FEC.FT.PU.LT	Dorsal Putamen Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (SNC -> PU)
		FEC.FT.PU.MED	Dorsal Putamen Medial	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
LLC	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	LLC.HT.CR.CC	Cerebrocerebellum	nucleus-allocortex-DA	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (SN -> CR, abstract)
		LLC.MM.RD	Red Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-DA	(unknown reference)
LMC	FEC.FD.STN.CD	LMC.FT.NBM	Basal Nucleus of Meynert	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)

Motor Motivational Salience

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	Nucleus Accumbens Core	nucleus	FEU	cognitive processing of motor function related to reward and reinforcement; encodes new motor programs which facilitate acquisition of given reward in future
FEC.FT.CN.TL	Caudate Nucleus Tail	nucleus	FEU	Successful classification learning, correct categorization	ITC, STC
FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus	nucleus	FAU	Striatal territory	innervates the pallidal complex, substantia nigra and retrorubral field
FEC.FT.PU.VT	Ventral Putamen	nucleus	FEU	Evaluation of flavors, taste, motivation loop
FEC.FT.SNC.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial	nucleus	FEU	motivational loop	VP, ventral circuits
FEC.FT.SNR.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial	nucleus	FEU	Motivational loop
FEC.FT.VP.DL	Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral	nucleus	FEU	motivational loop, NAcc-core	projects to STN, MD; circuit - VP-DL-rostral, DLPFC, NAcc-core-rostral, MD-rostral-lateral; circuit - VP-DL-caudal, DINS, NAcc-core-caudal, MD-caudal-medial

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Craving (NACC -> SNr, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.DL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Craving (NACC -> VPAL, abstract)
FEC.FT.CN.TL	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.VT	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.SNR.MED	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.VP.DL	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Craving (VPAL -> SNr, abstract)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NDM	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	NDM.NC.AL.FPC	Lateral Frontopolar Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Affective basal ganglia circuit (OMPFC -> NACC, abstract)
	FEC.FT.CN.TL	NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR	Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.VT	NDM.NC.AL.VACG	Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	NDM.NC.AL.FPC	Lateral Frontopolar Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	FAM.FD.TH.PT	Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		FAM.FT.AM.BP	Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Amygdala and its network (BLN -> NACC, abstract)
	FEC.FT.CN.TL	FAM.FT.AM.AB	Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	FAM.FT.BNST	Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC	FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	Nucleus Accumbens Shell	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.PU.VT	FEC.FD.STN.DL	Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
		FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> SNc, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	FEC.FD.STN.DL	Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		FEC.FT.GPE.RM	Globus Pallidus External Rostromedial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FMM	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	FMM.FD.TH.RH	Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		FMM.FT.HC.CA1D	Distal CA1 of Hippocampus	allocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (CA1 -> NACC, abstract)
		FMM.FT.HF.SUBD	Distal Subiculum	allocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (SUB -> NACC, abstract)
		FMM.FT.HF.SUBP	Proximal Subiculum	allocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (SUB -> NACC, abstract)
		FMM.NC.PH.LEC	Lateral Entorhinal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (EC -> NACC, abstract)
		FMM.NC.PH.PAS	Parasubiculum	neocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (PAS -> NACC, abstract)
		FMM.NC.PH.PER	Perirhinal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Nucleus Accumbens (PRR -> NACC, abstract)
LMC	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	LMC.HT.LC	Locus Coeruleus	nucleus-nucleus-NE	(unknown reference)
LPC	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	LPC.FD.TH.PV	Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	NMA.FD.TH.MDL	Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
	FEC.FT.VP.DL	NMA.FD.TH.MDL	Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	FAM.FD.LHB.LT	Lateral Habenula Lateral Part	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Connectivity map of the habenula (NAc -> L, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.VT	FAM.FT.EPF	Endopiriform Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Connectivity map of the habenula (CPu -> EP, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	FAM.FT.AM.CEM	Medial Central Amygdaloid Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-DA	(unknown reference)
FEC	FEC.FT.CN.TL	FEC.FT.GPI.RM	Globus Pallidus Internal Rostromedial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
		FEC.FT.VP.VM	Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	FEC.FT.ACC.SH	Nucleus Accumbens Shell	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.MED	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	Interpeduncular Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LAC	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	LAC.FD.HT.SUM	Supramammillary Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-DA	(unknown reference)
LMC	FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Reward circuit of human brain (NACC -> VTA, abstract)
LRC	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	LRC.HT.PRF.PVR	Parvocellular Reticular Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-DA	(unknown reference)

Motor Extensor Loop

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FD.STN.MED	Subthalamic Nucleus Medial	nucleus	FEU	Motor Extensor loop
FEC.FD.TH.PF	Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus	FEU	Stimulation of acetylcholine release in dorsal striata	Part of ascending activating system
FEC.FT.GPE.MED	Globus Pallidus External Medial	nucleus	FEU	Extensor loop	Body extensor movements, trunk and girdles
FEC.FT.GPI.MED	Globus Pallidus Internal Medial	nucleus	FEU	Motor extensor loop	indirect path
FEC.FT.PU.MED	Dorsal Putamen Medial	nucleus	FEU	Extensor motor initiation	dorsomedial, SMC and PMC - overlap, BA 6,46
FEC.FT.SNR.DL	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral	nucleus	FEU	Extensor motor loop, head

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FD.STN.MED	FEC.FT.GPE.MED	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.MED	nucleus-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	nucleus-nucleus	Saccadic Vision (STN -> SNpr, abstract)
FEC.FD.TH.PF	FEC.FT.PU.MED	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPE.MED	FEC.FT.GPI.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (GP -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPI.MED	FEC.FD.TH.PF	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.MED	FEC.FT.GPE.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Basal Ganglia Activity (PU -> GPo, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.MED	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FD.STN.MED	NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF	Anterior Frontal Eye Field	neocortex-nucleus	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (FEF -> STN, abstract)
		NMA.NC.SMC.F6	Pre-Supplementary Motor Area	neocortex-nucleus	Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.MED	NMA.NC.PMC.F2	Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
		NMA.NC.PMC.F5	Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> BG, abstract)
		NMA.NC.SMC.F3	Supplementary Motor Area	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
		NMA.NC.SMC.F6	Pre-Supplementary Motor Area	neocortex-nucleus	Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> BG, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.FD.TH.PF	FAM.FT.SEP.MED	Medial Septal Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	(unknown reference)
FEC	FEC.FT.GPE.MED	FEC.FT.CN.HD	Caudate Nucleus Head	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (CN.PU -> GP, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.MED	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Connectivity map of the habenula (SNc -> CPu, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	FEC.FT.CN.BD	Caudate Nucleus Body	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)
		FEC.FT.IPAC.LT	Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LLC	FEC.FD.STN.MED	LLC.HT.TG.PPN	Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (PPN -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	LLC.HT.TG.PPN	Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (PPN -> SNr, abstract)
LMC	FEC.FT.PU.MED	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VTA -> DS, abstract)
LPC	FEC.FT.PU.MED	LPC.HT.PRF.PB	Parabrachial Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> DS, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FT.GPI.MED	NMA.FD.TH.VA	Ventral Anterior Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	NMA.FD.TH.VA	Ventral Anterior Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Oculomotor decision-making (SNr -> SNc)
LRC	FEC.FT.SNR.DL	LRC.MM.SC.INT	Intermediate Superior Colliculus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Global visual system (SNr -> SCi, abstract)

Motor Flexor Loop

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FD.STN.LT	Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral	nucleus	FEU	Motor Flexor loop
FEC.FD.TH.CM	Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus	FEU	Control of level of cortical activity	Lesions lead to persistent vegetative state
FEC.FD.TH.RIL	Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus	nucleus	FEU	cognitive functions	from SC LVII,LVIII/CR nuclei to striatum
FEC.FT.GPE.LT	Globus Pallidus External Lateral	nucleus	FEU	Flexor loop
FEC.FT.GPI.LT	Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral	nucleus	FEU	Motor flexor loop	output nuclei of basal ganglia to neocortex, leg, arm, face; lateral - leg, medial - arm, ventral - face
FEC.FT.PU.LT	Dorsal Putamen Lateral	nucleus	FEU	Flexor motor initiation	ventrolateral, D1 receptor, MC and S1 - overlap, TH/CM from GPi; DL-leg, RL-face, VM-arms
FEC.HT.TG.IPD	Interpeduncular Nucleus	nucleus	FEU	postural control, voluntary arm and eye movements	unpaired
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus	FEU	locomotion - walking, running	VTA tail

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FD.STN.LT	FEC.FT.GPE.LT	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.LT	nucleus-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FD.TH.CM	FEC.FT.PU.LT	nucleus-nucleus	Thalamocortical relationships (CM -> pCM, abstract)
FEC.FD.TH.RIL	FEC.FT.PU.LT	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPE.LT	FEC.FT.GPI.LT	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.GPI.LT	FEC.FD.TH.CM	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Thalamocortical relationships (sCM -> CM, abstract)
FEC.FT.PU.LT	FEC.FT.GPI.LT	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
FEC.HT.TG.IPD	FEC.FD.STN.LT	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	(unknown reference)
FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FD.STN.LT	NMA.NC.MC	Motor Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.PU.LT	NMA.NC.MC	Motor Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)
NSA	FEC.FT.PU.LT	NSA.NC.PG.S1	Primary Somatosensory Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (S1 -> PU, abstract)
Subcortical
FAM	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	FAM.FD.MHB	Medial Habenula	nucleus-nucleus	Connectivity map of the habenula (M -> IPN)
	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	FAM.FD.LHB.LT	Lateral Habenula Lateral Part	nucleus-nucleus	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (LHbL -> RMTg)
		FAM.FD.LHB.MED	Lateral Habenula Medial Part	nucleus-nucleus	Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection (LHbM -> RMTg)
FEC	FEC.FT.PU.LT	FEC.FT.CN.BD	Caudate Nucleus Body	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Regulation of Social Brain (Caud -> Put, abstract)
		FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (SNC -> PU)
	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	FEC.FD.STN.ICD	Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		FEC.FT.SNR.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	FEC.FT.VP.VM	Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LLC	FEC.FD.TH.CM	LLC.HT.CR.EN	Emboliform Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FD.TH.RIL	LLC.HT.CR.DN	Dentate Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		LLC.SC.IZ.CCV	Central Cervical Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
LMC	FEC.FT.PU.LT	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-DA	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (VTA -> DS, abstract)
	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	LMC.HT.LC	Locus Coeruleus	nucleus-nucleus-NE	Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms (LC -> IPN)
		LMC.HT.TG.LDT	Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	(unknown reference)
LPC	FEC.FT.PU.LT	LPC.HT.PRF.PB	Parabrachial Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (PBN -> DS, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NMA	FEC.FT.GPI.LT	NMA.FD.TH.VL	Ventral Lateral Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)
NPE	FEC.FD.TH.RIL	NPE.NC.SPL.SA	Somatosensory Association Cortex	nucleus-neocortex	(unknown reference)
NSA	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	NSA.FD.LGN	Lateral Geniculate Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	(unknown reference)
Subcortical
FEC	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	FEC.FT.SNC.LT	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)
	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	FEC.FT.SNC.MED	Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> SNc, abstract)
FMM	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	FMM.FT.HC.CA3P	Proximal CA3 of Hippocampus	nucleus-allocortex-ACh	Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Hippo, abstract)
LAC	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	LAC.FD.HT.VLPO	Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
LMC	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	LMC.HL.RP.MG	Raphe Magnus Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Raphe, abstract)
		LMC.HT.TG.DTG	Dorsal Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Head Direction Cell Circuit (IPD -> DTN)
		LMC.MM.PAG	Periaqueductal Gray Matter	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> PAG)
		LMC.MM.RP.DRN	Dorsal Raphe Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> DRN)
		LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> VTA)
	FEC.HT.TG.RMTG	LMC.HL.RP.MG	Raphe Magnus Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> MRN, abstract)
		LMC.HT.TG.LDT	Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)
		LMC.MM.RP.DRN	Dorsal Raphe Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (RMTg -> DRN)
		LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Amygdala and its network (RMTG -> VTA)
LRC	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	LRC.MM.SC.INT	Intermediate Superior Colliculus	nucleus-nucleus-ACh	(unknown reference)

Oculomotor and Auditory/Association Loop

Component ID	Component Name	Type	Service	Function	Comments
FEC.FD.STN.ICD	Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal	nucleus	FEU	Oculomotor loop
FEC.FD.TH.LI	Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus	LUS	Multisensory projection to striatum	From SC, trigeminal nucleus, superior and inferior colliculus
FEC.FT.CN.BD	Caudate Nucleus Body	nucleus	FEU	Oculomotor learning	FEF, SEF
FEC.FT.GPE.DL	Globus Pallidus External Dorsolateral	nucleus	FEU	Oculomotor loop
FEC.FT.GPI.DL	Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsolateral	nucleus	FEU	Oculomotor loop
FEC.FT.SNR.VL	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Ventrolateral	nucleus	FEU	Oculomotor loop

Internal Region Connections:

Source Region	Target Region	Type	Reference
FEC.FD.STN.ICD	FEC.FT.GPE.DL	nucleus-nucleus	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.DL	nucleus-nucleus	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.VL	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FD.TH.LI	FEC.FT.CN.BD	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
FEC.FT.CN.BD	FEC.FT.GPI.DL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Habenula Connections (CPu -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.VL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccades and smooth movements (CN -> SN, abstract)
FEC.FT.GPE.DL	FEC.FT.GPI.DL	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	(unknown reference)

External Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Local Region	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NDM	FEC.FT.CN.BD	NDM.NC.AL.VACG	Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NMA	FEC.FT.CN.BD	NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF	Anterior Frontal Eye Field	neocortex-nucleus	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NSA	FEC.FT.CN.BD	NSA.NC.IT.TE	Inferotemporal Cortex	neocortex-nucleus	(unknown reference)
		NSA.NC.TTG.A2	Auditory Association Area	neocortex-nucleus	(unknown reference)
Subcortical
LMC	FEC.FD.STN.ICD	LMC.MM.RF.SUC	Superior Central Raphe Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus-5HT	(unknown reference)
LPC	FEC.FD.TH.LI	LPC.SC.PH.LMG	Lower Marginal Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract)
		LPC.SC.PH.UMG	Upper Marginal Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	Afferent pain pathways (SC -> Thalamus, abstract)
LRC	FEC.FD.STN.ICD	LRC.MM.PT.PTA	Anterior Pretectum Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FD.TH.LI	LRC.MM.SC.INT	Intermediate Superior Colliculus	nucleus-nucleus	Saccadic Vision (SCi -> Thalamus, abstract)

External Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Local Region	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
Cortical
NCP	FEC.FD.TH.LI	NCP.NC.INS.PPC	Peripaleocortical Claustral	nucleus-neocortex	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> INS, abstract)
NDM	FEC.FD.TH.LI	NDM.NC.AL.DACG	Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area	nucleus-neocortex	Afferent pain pathways (Thalamus -> ACC, abstract)
NPE	FEC.FT.GPI.DL	NPE.FD.TH.LP	Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Subcortical
FEC	FEC.FD.STN.ICD	FEC.HT.TG.IPD	Interpeduncular Nucleus	nucleus-nucleus	(unknown reference)
	FEC.FT.CN.BD	FEC.FT.PU.LT	Dorsal Putamen Lateral	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Regulation of Social Brain (Caud -> Put, abstract)
		FEC.FT.SNR.DL	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Global visual system (Striatum -> SNr, abstract)
LRC	FEC.FT.SNR.VL	LRC.MM.SC.INT	Intermediate Superior Colliculus	nucleus-nucleus-gaba	Saccadic Vision (BG -> SCi, abstract)

Thirdparty Circuits

(generated)

• Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract - see Reference

• Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems - see Reference

• Habenula Connections - see Reference

• Oculomotor decision-making - see Reference

• Global visual system - see Reference

• Normal Functional Anatomy of Basal Ganglia - see Reference

• Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection - see Reference

• Amygdala and its network - see Reference

• Head Direction Cell Circuit - see Reference

• Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms - see Reference

• Connectivity map of the habenula - see Reference

• Connectivity of dorsal diencephalic conduction system - see Reference

• Craving - see Reference

• Saccadic Vision - see Reference

• Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory - see Reference

• Thalamocortical relationships - see Reference

References

(generated)

• http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders
• http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html
• http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula
• http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0
• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
• http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp
• http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00826/full
• http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin
• http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html
• http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633
• http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1519/1005
• http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html
• http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html
• http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html
• http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/