BrainCenterFD TH CR

Cognitive Thalamus

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This page covers biological details of component group Cognitive Thalamus. Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to center: Forebrain Diencephalon -> Thalamus (FD.TH) -> Cognitive Thalamus (FD.TH.CR) (see Mind Maps)
• Function: Relay conginitive activity

(generated)

Components

(generated)

Component items:

• Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (FD.TH.MD): Attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory
  • Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NDM.FD.TH.MDM): relay emotional attention to orbitofrontal cortex
  • Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NCP.FD.TH.MDC): relay olfactory neocortex to insular integrated neocortex
  • Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus (NMA.FD.TH.MDL): relay tegmentum to dorsal cingulate cortex
• Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus (FD.TH.AN): Extended hippocampal system
  • Anteromedial Nucleus (NCP.FD.TH.AM): feed-forward HF to PFC
  • Anteroventral Nucleus (FMM.FD.TH.AV): return loop to convey theta to HF, attentional processes
  • Anterodorsal Nucleus (FMM.FD.TH.AD): head direction, spatial learning and memory
• Intralaminar and Midline Nuclei of Thalamus (FD.TH.IML)
  • Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.IL): Projects from SC LVII,LVIII and Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus to striatum
    • Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.RIL): cognitive functions
    • Caudal Intralaminar Nucleus of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.CIL): Stimulate memory-guided response
      • Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.CM): Control of level of cortical activity
      • Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus (FEC.FD.TH.PF): Stimulation of acetylcholine release in dorsal striata
  • Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MTH)
    • Dorsal Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MDT): viscero-limbic functions
      • Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus (FAM.FD.TH.PT): Gateway for multimodal information to limbic system used in selecting appropriate responses
      • Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus (LPC.FD.TH.PV): Direct behavior toward a particular outcome over a range of outcomes
    • Ventral Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus (FD.TH.MVT): multimodal sensory processing functions
      • Reuniens Nucleus of Thalamus (FMM.FD.TH.RE): Gate information between OMPFC and HC dependent upon attentive/arousal states
      • Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus (FMM.FD.TH.RH): Communication of information across memory delays to guide memory responses
      • Subfascicular Nucleus of Thalamus (LLC.FD.TH.SF): Relays from PAG to Rhape nuclei, Inferior olive nucleus

Connectivity

(generated)

Internal Regions Connections:

• no connections

External Connections:

External Inbound Center Connections:

Source Center	Sample Link	Reference
Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM)	FAM.FT.AM.MPV -> FMM.FD.TH.RE	Oculomotor decision-making (AMYG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Septal Nuclei (FAM.FT.SEP)	FAM.FT.SEP.MED -> FEC.FD.TH.PF	(unknown reference)
Hypothalamus (FD.HT)	LAC.FD.HT.MPO -> FAM.FD.TH.PT	(unknown reference)
Basal Ganglia (FEC.FT.BG)	FEC.FT.VP.VM -> FAM.FD.TH.PT	Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)
Hippocampal Formation (FMM.FT.HF)	FMM.FT.HF.SUBD -> FMM.FD.TH.AV	Thalamocortical relationships (s1A -> A, abstract)
Cerebellar Complex (LLC.HT.CRC)	LLC.HT.CR.EN -> FEC.FD.TH.CM	(unknown reference)
Periaqueductal Gray Matter (LMC.MM.PAG)	LMC.MM.PAG -> LLC.FD.TH.SF	(unknown reference)
Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.REF)	LRC.MM.SC.INT -> FMM.FD.TH.AD	Global visual system (SCi -> ATH, abstract)
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation (MM.RF)	LMC.MM.RP.DRN -> LPC.FD.TH.PV	(unknown reference)
Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.OMPFC)	NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR -> FMM.FD.TH.RE	(unknown reference)
Medial Parietal Lobule (NC.MPL)	NCP.NC.MPL.RSC -> FMM.FD.TH.AD	Head Direction Cell Circuit (RSP -> AD)
Rhinal Cortex (NC.PHA.RH)	FMM.NC.PH.MEC -> FMM.FD.TH.AV	Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> AN, abstract)
Intermediate Zone (SC.IZ)	LLC.SC.IZ.CCV -> FEC.FD.TH.RIL	(unknown reference)

External Outbound Center Connections:

Target Center	Sample Link	Reference
Amygdala (FAM.FT.AM)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> FAM.FT.AM.LAVL	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> AM, abstract)
Central Extended Amygdala (FAM.FT.CEAM)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> FAM.FT.BNST	(unknown reference)
Hypothalamus (FD.HT)	LPC.FD.TH.PV -> LAC.FD.HT.MPO	(unknown reference)
Sensory Thalamus (FD.TH.SR)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> NPE.FD.TH.MPV	Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> mPULV, abstract)
Basal Ganglia (FEC.FT.BG)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> FEC.FT.ACC.CORE	(unknown reference)
Hippocampal Formation (FMM.FT.HF)	FMM.FD.TH.AV -> FMM.FT.HC.CA1P	Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (AN -> HC, abstract)
Retrosubicular Area (FMM.NC.PHA.RS)	FMM.FD.TH.AD -> FMM.NC.PH.POS	Head Direction Cell Circuit (AD -> PSUB)
Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei (HL.SN)	LLC.FD.TH.SF -> LLC.HL.IO	(unknown reference)
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation (MM.RF)	LLC.FD.TH.SF -> LMC.MM.RP.DRN	(unknown reference)
Anterior Cingulate Area (NC.ACG)	NCP.FD.TH.AM -> NDM.NC.AL.VACG	Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
Lateral Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.LPFC)	NDM.FD.TH.MDM -> NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (TH -> LPFC, abstract)
Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.OMPFC)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR	Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
Insular Cortex (NC.INS)	NCP.FD.TH.MDC -> NCP.NC.INS.AIC	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> INS, abstract)
Medial Parietal Lobule (NC.MPL)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG	Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> PostCingulate, abstract)
Rhinal Cortex (NC.PHA.RH)	FAM.FD.TH.PT -> FMM.NC.PH.LEC	Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> EC, abstract)
Premotor Cortex (NC.PMC)	NMA.FD.TH.MDL -> NMA.NC.PMC.AFEF	Oculomotor decision-making (Thalamus -> FEF, abstract)
Superior Parietal Lobule (NC.SPL)	FEC.FD.TH.RIL -> NPE.NC.SPL.SA	(unknown reference)