Latest revision as of 18:32, 28 April 2019

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area

@@Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaNDM -> BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG

This page covers biological details of component Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

Top-down path to region: Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> Anterior Cingulate Area (NC.ACG) -> Anterior Cingulate Cortex (NC.AL.ACG) -> Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.DACG) (see Mind Maps)
Type: cortex
Quality: L0
Brain area: Neocortical Brain - Decision Making Area (NDM)
Area circuit: Unimodal Control (UMC)
Brodmann ID: 32
Role: cortex.generic
Function: Rational Thought Processes
Notes to function:
- Anticipate and detect targets, indicate novelty, influence motor responses, encode reward values, and signal errors, motor, attentional and cognitive functions
- BA32-rostral

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Components

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no child items defined

Connectivity

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NDM.NC.AL.DACG.dot.png

Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Role	Reference
FAM	FAM.FT.AM.AB	Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> ACG, abstract)
FMM	FMM.FD.TH.LD	Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Thalamocortical relationships (LD -> pLD, abstract)
LMC	LMC.MM.VTA	Ventral Tegmental Area	modulatory-da	uncertain	(unknown reference)
NCP	NCP.FD.TH.LI	Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Afferent pain pathways (Thalamus -> ACC, abstract)
	NCP.NC.AL.SGCG	Subgenual Cingulate Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Regulation of Social Brain (SGC -> DACC)
	NCP.NC.INS.PPC	Peripaleocortical Claustral	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> ACG, abstract)
NDM	NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR	Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (LPFC -> ACG, abstract)
	NDM.NC.AL.DMPFC	Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	(unknown reference)
	NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR	Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Role for serotonin in moral behavior (OMPFC -> ACG, abstract)
NMA	NMA.FD.TH.MDL	Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
NPE	NPE.NC.IPL.MST	Medial Superior Temporal Area	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
	NPE.NC.SPL.PF	Rostral Precuneus	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)
NSA	NSA.NC.TTG.A2	Auditory Association Area	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Directed Effort Network (ACA -> dACC)

Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Role	Reference
FAM	FAM.FT.AM.BP	Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Role for serotonin in moral behavior (ACG -> AMY, abstract)
FEC	FEC.FD.STN.CD	Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (ACG -> STN, abstract)
	FEC.FT.CN.HD	Caudate Nucleus Head	excitatory-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)
NCP	NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG	Posterior Cingulate Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> ParietalCortex, abstract)
NDM	NDM.NC.AL.VACG	Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area	feedforward-glu	uncertain	Principal Connections of Hippocampus (DorsalCingulate -> VentralCingulate)
NMA	NMA.NC.PMC.F7	Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex	feedforward-glu	uncertain	(unknown reference)

Thirdparty Circuits

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Principal Connections of Hippocampus - see Reference (CT.CINGULUM-CONNECTIONS)

AM=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
AN=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus)
DG=Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG
DorsalCingulate=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex)
HC=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation)
MB=Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB
PosteriorCingulate=Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG
SEP=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP
SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation)
VentralCingulate=Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG

Global visual system - see Reference (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)

ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus)
BGA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN
OPN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN
ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see Sensory Thalamus)
RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF
Retina=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT
SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon)
SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT
SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL
SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see Anterior/Ventral Horn)
Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia)
VisualCortex=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC

Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus - see Reference (CM.STN-CONN)

ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area)
FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex)
GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia)
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see Basal Ganglia)
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area)
VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia)

Afferent pain pathways - see Reference (CF.PAIN-PATH)

ACC=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area)
AMY=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
BG=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG
Cerebellum=Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC
Insula=Insular Cortex,NC.INS
PAG=Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG
PB=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB
PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
S2=Secondary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S2
SC=Posterior/Dorsal Horn,BMA.SC.PH
Thalamus=Sensory Thalamus,FD.TH.SR

Role for serotonin in moral behavior - see Reference (CF.EMOTIONAL-MODULATION)

ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area)
AMY=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
HYP=Hypothalamus,FD.HT
LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex)

Regulation of Social Brain - see Reference (CT.SOCIAL-BRAIN)

AMG=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
Caud=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia)
DACC=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
Hipp=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation)
IFG=Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG
LSN=Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN
MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex)
NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see Basal Ganglia)
OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex)
PhippG=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see Rhinal Cortex)
Put=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia)
SGC=Subgenual Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.AL.SGCG
SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia)
VACC=Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG
VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
VentPal=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia)

Directed Effort Network - see Reference (CT.DIRECTED-EFFORT-NETWORK)

AC22=Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4
ACA=Auditory Association Area,NSA.NC.TTG.A2
AM=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see Hippocampal Formation)
Insula=Insular Cortex,NC.INS
OPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex)
PPC=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL
dACC=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG
fPole=Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG
tPole=Temporopolar Cortex,NCP.NC.TPC
vACC=Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG

Pathways of Reward Circuit - see Reference (CF.GENERIC-REWARD)

Amy=Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM
dACC=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG

Depression - see Reference (CF.DEPRESSION)

dACC=Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG

References

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Difference between revisions of "BrainRegionNDM NC AL DACG"

Latest revision as of 18:32, 28 April 2019

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <pre style="color: green">Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area</pre>
 @@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaNDM]] -> [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG]]
@@ Line 7: / Line 6: @@
 Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
-* '''Top-down path to region''': Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> Anterior Cingulate Area (NC.ACG) -> Anterior Cingulate Cortex (NC.AL.ACG) -> Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area (NDM.NC.AL.DACG) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]])
+* '''Top-down path to region''': Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]] (NC.ACG) -> Anterior Cingulate Cortex (NC.AL.ACG) -> [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area]] (NDM.NC.AL.DACG) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]])
 * '''Type''': cortex
-* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaNDM|Neocortical Brain - Decision Making Area]]
+* '''Quality''': L0
+* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaNDM|Neocortical Brain - Decision Making Area]] (NDM)
+* '''Area circuit''': Unimodal Control (UMC)
 * '''Brodmann ID''': 32
-* '''Role''': processor
+* '''Role''': cortex.generic
 * '''Function''': Rational Thought Processes
-* '''Notes to function''': Anticipate and detect targets, indicate novelty, influence motor responses, encode reward values, and signal errors, motor, attentional and cognitive functions; BA32-rostral
+* '''Notes to function''':
+** Anticipate and detect targets, indicate novelty, influence motor responses, encode reward values, and signal errors, motor, attentional and cognitive functions
+**  BA32-rostral
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 = Components =
@@ Line 25: / Line 28: @@
-http://ahuman.googlecode.com/svn/images/dot/aHuman/NDM.NC.AL.DACG.dot.png
+http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NDM.NC.AL.DACG.dot.png
 '''Inbound Region Connections:'''
 {| class=wikitable width=80%
-| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference'''
+| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaFAM|FAM]] || [[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_AB|FAM.FT.AM.AB]] || Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || [[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp|Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> ACG, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaFAM|FAM]] || [[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_AB|FAM.FT.AM.AB]] || Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> ACG, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_LI|FEC.FD.TH.LI]] || Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || [[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html|Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaFMM|FMM]] || [[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD|FMM.FD.TH.LD]] || Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (LD -> pLD, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaLMC|LMC]] || [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|LMC.MM.VTA]] || Ventral Tegmental Area || modulatory-da || (unknown reference)
+| [[BrainAreaLMC|LMC]] || [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|LMC.MM.VTA]] || Ventral Tegmental Area || modulatory-da || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PPC|NCP.NC.INS.PPC]] || Peripaleocortical Claustral || feedforward-glu || [[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp|Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> ACG, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_LI|NCP.FD.TH.LI]] || Limitans Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html Afferent pain pathways (Thalamus -> ACC, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || [[https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988|Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (LPFC -> ACG, abstract)]]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_AL_SGCG|NCP.NC.AL.SGCG]] || Subgenual Cingulate Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc Regulation of Social Brain (SGC -> DACC)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DMPFC|NDM.NC.AL.DMPFC]] || Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || (unknown reference)
+|  || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PPC|NCP.NC.INS.PPC]] || Peripaleocortical Claustral || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> ACG, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_ROFCR|NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR]] || Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || [[http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html|Role for serotonin in moral behavior (OMPFC -> ACG, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (LPFC -> ACG, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || [[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html|Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DMPFC|NDM.NC.AL.DMPFC]] || Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST|NPE.NC.IPL.MST]] || Medial Superior Temporal Area || feedforward-glu || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566|Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]]
+|  || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_ROFCR|NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR]] || Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html Role for serotonin in moral behavior (OMPFC -> ACG, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PF|NPE.NC.SPL.PF]] || Rostral Precuneus || feedforward-glu || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566|Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2|NSA.NC.TTG.A2]] || Auditory Association Area || feedforward-glu || [[http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full|Directed Effort Network (ACA -> dACC)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST|NPE.NC.IPL.MST]] || Medial Superior Temporal Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
+|-
+|  || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PF|NPE.NC.SPL.PF]] || Rostral Precuneus || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)]
+|-
+| [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2|NSA.NC.TTG.A2]] || Auditory Association Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full Directed Effort Network (ACA -> dACC)]
 |}
@@ Line 58: / Line 65: @@
 {| class=wikitable width=80%
-| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference'''
+| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaFAM|FAM]] || [[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP|FAM.FT.AM.BP]] || Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || [[http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html|Role for serotonin in moral behavior (ACG -> AMY, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaFAM|FAM]] || [[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP|FAM.FT.AM.BP]] || Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html Role for serotonin in moral behavior (ACG -> AMY, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_CD|FEC.FD.STN.CD]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal || excitatory-glu || (unknown reference)
+| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_CD|FEC.FD.STN.CD]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (ACG -> STN, abstract)]
 |-
-|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_CN_HD|FEC.FT.CN.HD]] || Caudate Nucleus Head || excitatory-glu || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566|Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)]]
+|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_CN_HD|FEC.FT.CN.HD]] || Caudate Nucleus Head || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG|NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]] || Posterior Cingulate Cortex || feedforward-glu || [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566|Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> ParietalCortex, abstract)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG|NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]] || Posterior Cingulate Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> ParietalCortex, abstract)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|NDM.NC.AL.VACG]] || Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area || feedforward-glu || [[http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html|Principal Connections of Hippocampus (DorsalCingulate -> VentralCingulate)]]
+| [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|NDM.NC.AL.VACG]] || Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html Principal Connections of Hippocampus (DorsalCingulate -> VentralCingulate)]
 |-
-| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || (unknown reference)
+| [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference)
 |}
@@ Line 76: / Line 83: @@
 (generated)
-* [[http://brmlab.cz/lib/exe/fetch.php?hash=fca48f&media=http%3A%2F%2Fars.els-cdn.com%2Fcontent%2Fimage%2F1-s2.0-S1364661308002490-gr2.jpg|Regulation of Social Brain]] - see [[http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc|Reference]]
+* [http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.gif Principal Connections of Hippocampus] - see [http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html Reference] (CT.CINGULUM-CONNECTIONS)
-<img src="http://brmlab.cz/lib/exe/fetch.php?hash=fca48f&media=http%3A%2F%2Fars.els-cdn.com%2Fcontent%2Fimage%2F1-s2.0-S1364661308002490-gr2.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+ AM=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ AN=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_CR|Cognitive Thalamus]])
+ DG=[[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG|Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG]]
+ DorsalCingulate=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]]
+ EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [[BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH|Rhinal Cortex]])
+ HC=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
+ MB=[[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB|Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB]]
+ PosteriorCingulate=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG|Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]]
+ SEP=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP|Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]]
+ SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
+ VentralCingulate=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/b2f112f73e5b1419bea90cefc9f4b29a.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [[http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/18691/fnhum-06-00184-HTML/image_m/fnhum-06-00184-g001.jpg|Directed Effort Network]] - see [[http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full|Reference]]
+* [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)
-<img src="http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/18691/fnhum-06-00184-HTML/image_m/fnhum-06-00184-g001.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+ ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_CR|Cognitive Thalamus]])
+ BGA=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
+ LGN=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN|Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]]
+ OPN=[[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN|Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]]
+ ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
+ Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [[BrainCenterFD_TH_SR|Sensory Thalamus]])
+ RF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]]
+ Retina=[[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT|Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]]
+ SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]])
+ SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [[BrainCenterMM_REF|Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]])
+ SNc=[[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT|Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]]
+ SNr=[[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL|Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]]
+ SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn]])
+ Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ VisualCortex=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/7192d7e1c7041f25a6eddc32c4f67e91.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [[http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.gif|Principal Connections of Hippocampus]] - see [[http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html|Reference]]
+* [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.large.jpg Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus] - see [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Reference] (CM.STN-CONN)
-<img src="http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.gif" alt="unavailable">
+ ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]])
+ FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see [[BrainCenterNC_PMC|Premotor Cortex]])
+ GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ MC=[[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]]
+ SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA|Subthalamus Area]])
+ VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/ced8710309da7474ec475785e9cc3d0a.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [[http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/images/npp2009129f1.jpg|Pathways of Reward Circuit]] - see [[http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/fig_tab/npp2009129f1.html|Reference]]
+* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/images/nrn3516-f2.jpg Afferent pain pathways] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html Reference] (CF.PAIN-PATH)
-<img src="http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/images/npp2009129f1.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+ ACC=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]])
+ AMY=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ BG=[[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]]
+ Cerebellum=[[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC|Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC]]
+ Insula=[[BrainCenterNC_INS|Insular Cortex,NC.INS]]
+ PAG=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]]
+ PB=[[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PRF_PB|Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB]]
+ PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
+ S1=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]]
+ S2=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2|Secondary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S2]]
+ SC=[[BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH|Posterior/Dorsal Horn,BMA.SC.PH]]
+ Thalamus=[[BrainCenterFD_TH_SR|Sensory Thalamus,FD.TH.SR]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/efdfc437211a8a58c0e2fdfb40cbfe3c.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
-* [[http://contemplativemind.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/mental_illness_matrix_2010_final1.jpg|Depression]] - see [[http://contemplativemind.wordpress.com/category/peer-reviewed-journal-articles/|Reference]]
+* [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.medium.gif Role for serotonin in moral behavior] - see [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html Reference] (CF.EMOTIONAL-MODULATION)
-<img src="http://contemplativemind.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/mental_illness_matrix_2010_final1.jpg" alt="unavailable">
+ ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [[BrainCenterNC_ACG|Anterior Cingulate Area]])
+ AMY=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ HYP=[[BrainCenterFD_HT|Hypothalamus,FD.HT]]
+ LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC|Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/6c0fbccf57032694ec1009c388ac9561.gif" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://brmlab.cz/lib/exe/fetch.php?hash=fca48f&media=http%3A%2F%2Fars.els-cdn.com%2Fcontent%2Fimage%2F1-s2.0-S1364661308002490-gr2.jpg Regulation of Social Brain] - see [http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc Reference] (CT.SOCIAL-BRAIN)
+ AMG=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ Caud=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ DACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]]
+ DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ Hipp=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
+ IFG=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_IPG|Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG]]
+ LSN=[[BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN|Lateral Spinal Nucleus,LAC.SC.LH.LSN]]
+ MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC|Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC|Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ PhippG=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [[BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH|Rhinal Cortex]])
+ Put=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ SGC=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_AL_SGCG|Subgenual Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.AL.SGCG]]
+ SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+ VACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG]]
+ VTA=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]]
+ VentPal=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/799323d73ce1925d1148d2575e2779a9.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/18691/fnhum-06-00184-HTML/image_m/fnhum-06-00184-g001.jpg Directed Effort Network] - see [http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full Reference] (CT.DIRECTED-EFFORT-NETWORK)
+ AC22=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4|Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]]
+ ACA=[[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2|Auditory Association Area,NSA.NC.TTG.A2]]
+ AM=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC|Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
+ Insula=[[BrainCenterNC_INS|Insular Cortex,NC.INS]]
+ OPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC|Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]])
+ PPC=[[BrainCenterNC_IPL|Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]]
+ dACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]]
+ fPole=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_IPG|Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG]]
+ tPole=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_TPC|Temporopolar Cortex,NCP.NC.TPC]]
+ vACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/4770740a2066720a5b5aa9ee4cb2f3bc.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/images/npp2009129f1.jpg Pathways of Reward Circuit] - see [http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/fig_tab/npp2009129f1.html Reference] (CF.GENERIC-REWARD)
+ Amy=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM|Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]]
+ dACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/28a0c2035dcc9abd5415f9a593047ae4.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
+* [http://contemplativemind.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/mental_illness_matrix_2010_final1.jpg Depression] - see [http://contemplativemind.wordpress.com/category/peer-reviewed-journal-articles/ Reference] (CF.DEPRESSION)
+ dACC=[[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]]
+<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/e17e99c7b92bf280eec012d224e52a2e.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">
@@ Line 100: / Line 207: @@
 (generated)
+* http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html
+* http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
+* http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html
+* http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html
+* http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html
 * http://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc
 * http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full
-* http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html
 * http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/fig_tab/npp2009129f1.html
 * http://contemplativemind.wordpress.com/category/peer-reviewed-journal-articles/