BrainRegionFEC FD STN CD

Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal

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This page covers biological details of component Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

• Top-down path to region: Forebrain Diencephalon -> Subthalamus Area (FEC.FD.STA) -> Subthalamic Nucleus (FEC.FD.STN) -> Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal (FEC.FD.STN.CD) (see Mind Maps)
• Type: nucleus
• Quality: L0
• Brain area: Forebrain - Execution Control Area (FEC)
• Area circuit: Executive/Cognitive Loop (FECEXE)
• Role: basal.ganglia.subthalamus
• Function: Executive loop

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Components

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Component items:

• Zona Incerta (BGA.FD.STN.ZI)

Connectivity

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Inbound Region Connections:

Source Area	Source Region	Source Name	Type	Reference
LAC	LAC.FD.HT.VM	Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus	excitatory-glu	(unknown reference)
NDM	NDM.NC.AL.DACG	Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area	excitatory-glu	Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (ACG -> STN, abstract)

Outbound Region Connections:

Target Area	Target Region	Target Name	Type	Reference
FEC	FEC.FT.GPE.DS	Globus Pallidus External Dorsal	excitatory-glu	Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey (STN -> GPe, abstract)
	FEC.FT.GPI.DS	Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal	excitatory-glu	Basal Ganglia Activity (STN -> GPi, abstract)
	FEC.FT.SNR.RM	Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Rostromedial	excitatory-glu	(unknown reference)
LMC	LMC.FT.NBM	Basal Nucleus of Meynert	excitatory-glu	(unknown reference)

Thirdparty Circuits

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• Summary of the organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and pedunculopontine nucleus in lamprey - see Reference (CM.SN-PPN)

GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia)
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
PPN=Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei,LMC.HT.TG.PPN
SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see Basal Ganglia)
SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see Basal Ganglia)
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area)

• Basal Ganglia Activity - see Reference (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)

GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia)
GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia)
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
PMC=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC
PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia)
S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1
SMC=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC
SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia)
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area)
VLo=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL

• Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract - see Reference (CM.ONUF)

CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see Basal Ganglia)
DVM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN
IMG=Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.IMG
IML=Intermediolateral Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.IML
LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC
MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex)
MPOA=Median Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.MPO
NBM=Basal Nucleus of Meynert,LMC.FT.NBM
ONF=Onuf's Nucleus,LPC.SC.VH.ONF
PBN=Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB
PEL=Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG
PU=Dorsal Putamen Lateral,FEC.FT.PU.LT
PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV
SNC=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT
SPS=Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus,LAC.SC.IZ.SPS
VTA=Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA
ZI=Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal,BGA.FD.STN.ZI

References

(generated)

• http://www.endurance-education.com/endurance-education-com/does-only-our-brainstem-select-our-motor-programs
• http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html
• http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders