Difference between revisions of "BrainAreaNMA"
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{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)] | + | | [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)] |
|} | |} | ||
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{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_PV|NCP.NC.PG.PV]] || Parietal Ventral Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_PV|NCP.NC.PG.PV]] || Parietal Ventral Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2|NCP.NC.PG.S2]] || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2|NCP.NC.PG.S2]] || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_LT|FEC.FT.GPI.LT]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_LT|FEC.FT.GPI.LT]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|LLC.HT.CR.DN]] || Dentate Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|LLC.HT.CR.DN]] || Dentate Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL)] |
|} | |} | ||
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{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || nucleus-neocortex || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT|FEC.FD.STN.LT]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT|FEC.FD.STN.LT]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (MC -> STN, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_LT|FEC.FT.PU.LT]] || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_LT|FEC.FT.PU.LT]] || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (M1 -> PU, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|LLC.HT.BPN]] || Basilar Pontine Nuclei || neocortex-nucleus || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> PNN, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|LLC.HT.BPN]] || Basilar Pontine Nuclei || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> PNN, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PN_PBB|LLC.HT.PN.PBB]] || Pontobulbar Body || neocortex-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PN_PBB|LLC.HT.PN.PBB]] || Pontobulbar Body || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG|LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG|LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_AMB|LPC.HL.AMB]] || Ambiguus Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) | + | | [[BrainAreaLPC|LPC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLPC_HL_AMB|LPC.HL.AMB]] || Ambiguus Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] || Onuf's Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF|LPC.SC.VH.ONF]] || Onuf's Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PL|LPC.SC.VH.PL]] || Posterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PL|LPC.SC.VH.PL]] || Posterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PM|LPC.SC.VH.PM]] || Posteromedial Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_PM|LPC.SC.VH.PM]] || Posteromedial Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_RPL|LPC.SC.VH.RPL]] || Retroposterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_RPL|LPC.SC.VH.RPL]] || Retroposterolateral Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (CTX -> SCM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] |
|} | |} | ||
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{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (46 -> F6, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (46 -> F6, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED|FEC.FT.SNR.MED]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED|FEC.FT.SNR.MED]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_VP_DL|FEC.FT.VP.DL]] || Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_VP_DL|FEC.FT.VP.DL]] || Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] |
|} | |} | ||
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{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F4)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F4)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Oculomotor decision-making (Thalamus -> FEF, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL|NMA.FD.TH.MDL]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Oculomotor decision-making (Thalamus -> FEF, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_MED|FEC.FD.STN.MED]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Medial || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/revneuro.2014.25.issue-4/revneuro-2014-0004/revneuro-2014-0004.xml Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_MED|FEC.FD.STN.MED]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Medial || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/revneuro.2014.25.issue-4/revneuro-2014-0004/revneuro-2014-0004.xml Serotonin regulation of subthalamic neurons (CTX -> STN, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> BG, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> BG, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG|LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLLC|LLC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG|LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HL_PRF_GCR|LRC.HL.PRF.GCR]] || Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> MRF, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_HL_PRF_GCR|LRC.HL.PRF.GCR]] || Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> MRF, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_CRF|LRC.HT.PRF.CRF]] || Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 197: | Line 197: | ||
{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || nucleus-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (TH -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (TH -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F5)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F5)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 213: | Line 213: | ||
{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Source Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNCP|NCP]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA|NCP.NC.SPL.SA]] || Somatosensory Association Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA|NCP.NC.SPL.SA]] || Somatosensory Association Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (S2 -> F5)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1|NCP.NC.PG.S1]] || Primary Somatosensory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (S2 -> F5)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA|NCP.NC.SPL.SA]] || Somatosensory Association Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA|NCP.NC.SPL.SA]] || Somatosensory Association Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> TH, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> TH, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|NDM.NC.AL.VACG]] || Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG|NDM.NC.AL.VACG]] || Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG|NDM.NC.AL.DACG]] || Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F4)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F4)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL|NMA.FD.TH.VL]] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW|NPE.NC.IPL.SMW]] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (PPC -> DLPFC, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNPE|NPE]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW|NPE.NC.IPL.SMW]] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (PPC -> DLPFC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PF|NPE.NC.SPL.PF]] || Rostral Precuneus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PF|NPE.NC.SPL.PF]] || Rostral Precuneus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG|NPE.NC.SPL.PG]] || Caudal Precuneus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG|NPE.NC.SPL.PG]] || Caudal Precuneus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST|NPE.NC.IPL.MST]] || Medial Superior Temporal Area || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST|NPE.NC.IPL.MST]] || Medial Superior Temporal Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW|NPE.NC.IPL.SMW]] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW|NPE.NC.IPL.SMW]] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://ahuman.org/svn/ahengine/research/articles/Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (PMC8 -> PMC6, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (PMC8 -> PMC6, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_CFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.CFEF]] || Caudal Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_CFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.CFEF]] || Caudal Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP|NPE.NC.IPS.LIP]] || Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP|NPE.NC.IPS.LIP]] || Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF|NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP|NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]] || Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F4)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP|NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]] || Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F4)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP|NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]] || Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (VIP -> F4)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP|NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]] || Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (VIP -> F4)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3|NSA.NC.STG.A3]] || Wernicke's area A3 || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (ST -> VLPFC, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3|NSA.NC.STG.A3]] || Wernicke's area A3 || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (ST -> VLPFC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4|NSA.NC.STG.A4]] || Wernicke's area A4 || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Language-Related Regions (pSTC -> PMC, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4|NSA.NC.STG.A4]] || Wernicke's area A4 || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Language-Related Regions (pSTC -> PMC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP|NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]] || Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F5)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP|NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]] || Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F5)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|NSA.NC.TTG.A1]] || Primary Auditory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (A1 -> DLPFC, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F7|NMA.NC.PMC.F7]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1|NSA.NC.TTG.A1]] || Primary Auditory Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846110/ Dual Auditory Processing (A1 -> DLPFC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_DS|FEC.FT.GPI.DS]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_DS|FEC.FT.GPI.DS]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_MED|FEC.FT.GPI.MED]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Medial || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_MED|FEC.FT.GPI.MED]] || Globus Pallidus Internal Medial || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL|FEC.FT.SNR.DL]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL|FEC.FT.SNR.DL]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT|LRC.MM.SC.INT]] || Intermediate Superior Colliculus || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (SCi -> Thalamus, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT|LRC.MM.SC.INT]] || Intermediate Superior Colliculus || nucleus-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (SCi -> Thalamus, abstract)] |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 289: | Line 289: | ||
{| class=wikitable width=80% | {| class=wikitable width=80% | ||
| − | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Reference''' | + | | '''Target Area''' || '''Local Region''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Cortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (MA -> PFC, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNDM|NDM]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCL|NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL]] || Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (MA -> PFC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaNMA|NMA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA|NMA.FD.TH.VA]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6)] | + | | || || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6|NMA.NC.SMC.F6]] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || nucleus-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || Motor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || Motor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4|NMA.NC.PMC.F4]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F3|NMA.NC.SMC.F3]] || Supplementary Motor Area || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || (unknown reference) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || Motor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC|NMA.NC.MC]] || Motor Cortex || neocortex-neocortex || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || | + | | <font color="red">Subcortical</font> || || || || || || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] | + | | [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2|NMA.NC.PMC.F2]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> BG, abstract)] | + | | || [[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5|NMA.NC.PMC.F5]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_MED|FEC.FT.PU.MED]] || Dorsal Putamen Medial || neocortex-nucleus || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> BG, abstract)] |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 504: | Line 504: | ||
LT=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]] | LT=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN|Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]] | ||
PNN=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN]] | PNN=[[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN|Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN]] | ||
| − | RD=[[ | + | RD=[[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD|Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]] |
RF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]] | RF=[[BrainCenterHT_RF|Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]] | ||
SCM=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]] | SCM=[[BrainCenterSC_VH|Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:24, 28 April 2019
Motor Aggregation Area
Home -> BiologicalLifeResearch -> BrainAreaNMA
Contents
Local Circuits
(generated)
| ID | Name | Regions | Quality |
| FLM | Flexor Motor | NMA.FD.TH.VL, NMA.NC.MC | L0 |
| SEQ | Complex Motor | NMA.FD.TH.MDL, NMA.NC.SMC.F3, NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | L0 |
| XTM | Extensor Motor | NMA.FD.TH.VA, NMA.NC.PMC.F2, NMA.NC.PMC.F4, NMA.NC.PMC.F5, NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | L0 |
Flexor Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| NMA.FD.TH.VL | Ventral Lateral Nucleus | nucleus | NMU | Relay BSA.CR to MCA.MC | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | cortex, BA 04 | NMU | Execution of required voluntary movements | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| NMA.FD.TH.VL | NMA.NC.MC | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NCP | NMA.NC.MC | NCP.NC.PG.PV | Parietal Ventral Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract) |
| NCP.NC.PG.S1 | Primary Somatosensory Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1) | ||
| NCP.NC.PG.S2 | Secondary Somatosensory Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract) | ||
| NMA | NMA.NC.MC | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1) | ||
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FEC | NMA.FD.TH.VL | FEC.FT.GPI.LT | Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract) |
| LLC | NMA.FD.TH.VL | LLC.HT.CR.DN | Dentate Nucleus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
Complex Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| NMA.FD.TH.MDL | Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus | nucleus | NMU | relay tegmentum to dorsal cingulate cortex | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | Supplementary Motor Area | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | Movement execution; Numerical and verbal mental-operation tasks | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | Pre-Supplementary Motor Area | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | High level motor functions; Numerical and verbal mental-operation tasks | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
- no connections
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR | Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (46 -> F6, abstract) |
| NMA | NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | NMA.FD.TH.VA | Ventral Anterior Nucleus | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | NMA.FD.TH.VA | Ventral Anterior Nucleus | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6) | |
| NMA.FD.TH.VL | Ventral Lateral Nucleus | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract) | ||
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FEC | NMA.FD.TH.MDL | FEC.FT.SNR.MED | Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract) |
| FEC.FT.VP.DL | Ventral Pallidum Dorsolateral | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
Extensor Motor
| Component ID | Component Name | Type | Service | Function | Comments | Quality |
| NMA.FD.TH.VA | Ventral Anterior Nucleus | nucleus | NMU | Relay BGA.SN, BGA.GPI, FCA.OMPFC, FCA.CG to MCA.PMC, MCA.SMC | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | Guiding reaching | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | Sensory guidance of movement | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | Shaping hand during grasping | L0 | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | Dorsal Rostral Premotor Cortex | cortex, BA 06 | NMU | Associate arbitrary sensory stimuli with specific eye movements | L0 |
Internal Region Connections:
| Source Region | Target Region | Type | Role | Reference |
| NMA.FD.TH.VA | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (TH -> PMC, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F5) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) |
External Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Local Region | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NCP | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | NCP.NC.PG.S1 | Primary Somatosensory Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract) |
| NCP.NC.SPL.SA | Somatosensory Association Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NCP.NC.PG.S1 | Primary Somatosensory Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (S2 -> F5) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | NCP.NC.SPL.SA | Somatosensory Association Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract) | |
| NDM | NMA.FD.TH.VA | NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL | Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> TH, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | NDM.NC.AL.VACG | Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL | Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | NDM.NC.AL.DACG | Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR | Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> PMC, abstract) | ||
| NMA | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | Supplementary Motor Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> dPM, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | Pre-Supplementary Motor Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F4) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NMA.FD.TH.VL | Ventral Lateral Nucleus | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract) | |
| NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | Supplementary Motor Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (pre-SMA -> vPM, abstract) | ||
| NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | Pre-Supplementary Motor Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (F6 -> F5) | ||
| NPE | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | NPE.NC.IPL.SMW | Supramarginal Wernike Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Dual Auditory Processing (PPC -> DLPFC, abstract) |
| NPE.NC.SPL.PF | Rostral Precuneus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract) | ||
| NPE.NC.SPL.PG | Caudal Precuneus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (SPL -> dPM, abstract) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NPE.NC.IPL.MST | Medial Superior Temporal Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract) | |
| NPE.NC.IPL.SMW | Supramarginal Wernike Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | 3 Visual Cortex Paths (IPL -> vPM, abstract) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF | Anterior Frontal Eye Field | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Cortical Auditory System (PMC8 -> PMC6, abstract) | |
| NPE.NC.PMC.CFEF | Caudal Frontal Eye Field | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | NPE.NC.IPS.LIP | Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract) | |
| NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF | Anterior Frontal Eye Field | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | ||
| NSA | NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NSA.NC.IPS.AIP | Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F4) |
| NSA.NC.IPS.VIP | Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (VIP -> F4) | ||
| NSA.NC.STG.A3 | Wernicke's area A3 | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Dual Auditory Processing (ST -> VLPFC, abstract) | ||
| NSA.NC.STG.A4 | Wernicke's area A4 | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Language-Related Regions (pSTC -> PMC, abstract) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NSA.NC.IPS.AIP | Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F5) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F7 | NSA.NC.TTG.A1 | Primary Auditory Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Dual Auditory Processing (A1 -> DLPFC, abstract) | |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FEC | NMA.FD.TH.VA | FEC.FT.GPI.DS | Globus Pallidus Internal Dorsal | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract) |
| FEC.FT.GPI.MED | Globus Pallidus Internal Medial | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract) | ||
| FEC.FT.SNR.DL | Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral | nucleus-nucleus-gaba | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (sVA -> VA, abstract) | ||
| LRC | NMA.FD.TH.VA | LRC.MM.SC.INT | Intermediate Superior Colliculus | nucleus-nucleus | uncertain | Saccadic Vision (SCi -> Thalamus, abstract) |
External Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Local Region | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| Cortical | ||||||
| NDM | NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCL | Lateral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (MA -> PFC, abstract) |
| NMA | NMA.FD.TH.VA | NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | Supplementary Motor Area | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Thalamocortical relationships (VA -> pVA, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.SMC.F6 | Pre-Supplementary Motor Area | nucleus-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (BTH -> F6) | ||
| NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PMC -> MC, abstract) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F4 | NMA.NC.SMC.F3 | Supplementary Motor Area | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | (unknown reference) | |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | NMA.NC.MC | Motor Cortex | neocortex-neocortex | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> F1) | |
| Subcortical | ||||||
| FEC | NMA.NC.PMC.F2 | FEC.FT.PU.MED | Dorsal Putamen Medial | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract) |
| NMA.NC.PMC.F5 | FEC.FT.PU.MED | Dorsal Putamen Medial | neocortex-nucleus | uncertain | Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> BG, abstract) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- Primate Control of Grasping - see Reference (CM.GRASPING-CONTROL)
46=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) AIP=Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.AIP BG=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG BTH=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA F1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC F2=Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F2 F4=Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F4 F5=Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F5 F6=Pre-Supplementary Motor Area,NMA.NC.SMC.F6 IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT PIP=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus) S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 S2=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC VIP=Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP
- Thalamocortical relationships - see Reference (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)
A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see Cognitive Thalamus) CM=Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM LD=Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN LP=Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see Cognitive Thalamus) MGN=Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see Sensory Thalamus) VA=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL VPL=Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL VPM=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM pA=Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia) pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) pLGN=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 pLP=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC pMGN=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 pP=Insular Cortex,NC.INS pVA=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC pVL=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC pVPL=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 pVPM=Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see Hippocampal Formation) s1MD=Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP s1P=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV s1VL=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see Hypothalamus) s2MD=Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR s2P=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR s2VL=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) sLD=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) sVA=Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see Posterior/Dorsal Horn) sVPM=Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL
- Basal Ganglia Activity - see Reference (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia) M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC PMC=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see Basal Ganglia) S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 SMC=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia) STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area) VLo=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL
- Normal Functional Anatomy of Basal Ganglia - see Reference (CM.NORMAL-BG-ANATOMY)
GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia) GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area) VA=Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL
- Two extended parallel pathways for decision making - see Reference (CT.PREFRONTAL-FOR-CONSCIOUSNESS)
DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR PM=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC V1=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC VLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex)
- 3 Visual Cortex Paths - see Reference (CP.BASE-VISUAL-CORTEX-FLOWS)
IPL=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL IPS=Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS IT=Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT LPC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) MI=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC OCC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC SPL=Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL dPM=Dorsal Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.DPMC (see Premotor Cortex) pre-SMA=Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC vPM=Ventral Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.VPMC (see Premotor Cortex)
- Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus - see Reference (CM.STN-CONN)
ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see Anterior Cingulate Area) FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see Premotor Cortex) GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see Basal Ganglia) GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see Basal Ganglia) MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC SNr=Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata,FEC.FT.SNR (see Basal Ganglia) STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see Subthalamus Area) VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see Basal Ganglia)
- Sensimotor Nerves - see Reference (CM.SENSIMOTOR-NERVES)
MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
- Sensimotor Interactions - see Reference (CM.SENSIMOTOR-INTERACTIONS)
MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
- Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior - see Reference (CM.PFC-MOTOR)
CN.PU=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see Basal Ganglia) CR=Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC GP=Globus Pallidus,FEC.FT.GP (see Basal Ganglia) LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see Lateral Prefrontal Cortex) MC=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC PMC=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC PN=Pontine Nuclear Complex,HT.PN (see Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei) SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see Basal Ganglia) TH=Ventral Thalamus,FD.TH.VTH (see Motor Thalamus)
- Divisions of Cortical Motor System - see Reference (CM.MOTOR-DIVISIONS)
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
- Motor Cortices (unknown reference) (CM.MOTOR-CORTICES)
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
- Corticospinal pathway - see Reference (CM.CORTICOSPINAL-PATHWAY)
M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC
- Cortico-Cortical Connectivity - see Reference (CL.CORTICO-CORTICAL-CONNECTIVITY)
A1=Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1 AA=Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3 M1=Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC MA=Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC PTHA=Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL S1=Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1 SA=Somatosensory Association Cortex,NCP.NC.SPL.SA V1=Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1 VA=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see Occipital Lobe)
- Cerebellum functional divisions - see Reference (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)
CCV=Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV CRP=Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC CRS=Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV CRV=Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT DN=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN FG=Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG IO=Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see Cerebellar Complex) LT=Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN PNN=Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN RD=Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF SCM=Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH SCS=Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP SCSD=Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL VB=Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN VBG=Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB VL=Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL
References
(generated)
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471
- http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/
- http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html
- http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438807000323
- article:Biological/2008-dorsal-stream.pdf
- http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html
- http://aids.hallym.ac.kr/d/kns/tutor/chap2-bn.html
- https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627307007118
- http://brainmind.com
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080
- http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm
