Autonomous Control Area

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Local Circuits

(generated)

Breathing Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG || Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || parasympathetic motor of larynx, c.n. X || macroscopic ganglion on the human internal
laryngeal nerve, with the distribution of its
post-ganglionic fibres to the glands in the saccule
and to the glands at the root of epiglottis in the
vicinity of the opening of the saccule || || LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG || Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Lung || ||

Internal Region Connections:*
no connections

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_ILG LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG || BrainRegionLAC_HM_VGN LAC.HM.VGN || Vagus Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG || BrainRegionLAC_HM_VGN LAC.HM.VGN || Vagus Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_ILG LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_SPEAKER TARGET.TEA.SPEAKER || Mouth speaker || aryepiglottic-muscle || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_LUNG TARGET.TEA.LUNG || Lung || smooth-muscles || (unknown reference) ||

Lower Digestion Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.HM.VGN || Vagus Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || Parasympathetic vagal functions in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs || Dorsal Motor Nucleus, Cardioinhibitory Center;
preganglionic nucleus || || LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG || Cardiac Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Heart || Inside heart || || LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT || Parasympathetic Gut Brain || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Autonomic control of stomach, liver || || || LAC.PN.SYM.CEG || Coelic Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Liver, stomach, pancreas, small intestine || T5-T9 || || LAC.PN.SYM.SMG || Superior Mesenteric Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Large intestine, rectum || T9-T11 ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.HM.VGN || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CRG LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_GUT LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT || BrainRegionLAC_HM_SAL_ISL LAC.HM.SAL.ISL || Inferior Salivatory Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.CEG || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SMG || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || LLC || BrainRegionLAC_HM_VGN LAC.HM.VGN || BrainRegionLLC_MM_CNF LLC.MM.CNF || Cuneiform Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_HM_VGN LAC.HM.VGN || BrainRegionLPC_HP_PB LPC.HP.PB || Parabrachial Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (PBN -> DVM)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_HM_VGN LAC.HM.VGN || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_ILG LAC.PN.PSYM.ILG || Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.PUG || Pulmonary Peripheral Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CRG LAC.PN.PSYM.CRG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_HEART TARGET.TEA.HEART || Heart || heart-psymp-control || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-pancreas-muscarinic || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.LIVER || Liver || glands || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.STOMACH || Stomach || stomach-mucosal-gastric-glands || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.CEG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-pancreas-adrenergic || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || liver-blood-vessels || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SMG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-adrenal-gland || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.HEART || Heart || heart-symp-control || (unknown reference) ||

Daily Cycle Autonomic Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.SCN || Suprachiasmatic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Regulate the circadian cycle, 24-hour rhythms || || || LAC.FD.HT.TBM || Tuberomammillary Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || sole source of histamine in the brain || regulate sleep, helps produce responses to sexual
stimuli, and helps body respond to stressful
situations ||

Internal Region Connections:*
no connections

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM LAC.FD.HT.TBM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT LPC.FD.RT || Retina || ganglion-nucleus || [Targets of retina neurons (Retina -> HT, abstract)] || || || || LPC.FD.TH.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM LAC.FD.HT.TBM || BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT || Lateral Septal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || Superior Cervical Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM LAC.FD.HT.TBM || BrainRegionLMC_HP_LC LMC.HP.LC || Locus Coeruleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_TBM LAC.FD.HT.TBM || BrainRegionLPC_FT_MOB LPC.FT.MOB || Main Olfactory Bulb || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LRC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT LRC.MM.PT.NOT || Nucleus of Optic Tract || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

Heart and Blood Pressure Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.PN.SYM.STG || Stellate Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Heart, Lung || Inferior cervical ganglion || || LAC.PN.SYM.TG || Sympathetic Thoracic Ganglia || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Heart || T1-T4 || || LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || Mediate entire sympathetic innervation of body || from Lamina VII, visceral sensory ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.SC.IZ.IML || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_STG LAC.PN.SYM.STG || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.TG || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || BrainRegionLMC_HP_LC LMC.HP.LC || Locus Coeruleus || nucleus-nucleus-NE || [Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (LC -> IML)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_ARG LAC.PN.SYM.ARG || Aorticorenal Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.CEG || Coelic Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.IMG || Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.MCG || Middle Cervical Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || Superior Cervical Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SMG || Superior Mesenteric Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_STG LAC.PN.SYM.STG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_HEART TARGET.TEA.HEART || Heart || heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-stellar || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || arm-blood-vessels || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.TG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_VESSELS TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || arterial-thoracic-vasoconstrictors || (unknown reference) ||

Autonomic Motivations Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.RCH || Retrochiasmatic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Maintenance of normal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function || || || LAC.FD.HT.SO || Supraoptic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Blood volume or blood pressure, vasopressin release || || || LAC.SC.LH.LSN || Lateral Spinal Nucleus || nucleus || LAS || Integrate autonomic and homeostatic functions || Projects to HT and lateral globus pallidus;
integrative nucleus for autonomic and homeostatic
functions, and related motivational and affective
responses to autonomic function ||

Internal Region Connections:*
no connections

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NDM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_RCH LAC.FD.HT.RCH || BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_FPC NDM.NC.AL.FPC || Lateral Frontopolar Cortex || neocortex-nucleus || [Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (OPFC -> HT, abstract)] || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SO LAC.FD.HT.SO || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_COP FAM.FT.AM.COP || Posterior Cortical Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract)] || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN LAC.SC.LH.LSN || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SO LAC.FD.HT.SO || BrainRegionLPC_HM_SOL LPC.HM.SOL || Solitary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_SC_LH_LSN LAC.SC.LH.LSN || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || Superior Cervical Ganglion || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || LLC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_RCH LAC.FD.HT.RCH || BrainRegionLLC_HP_PN_RP LLC.HP.PN.RP || Rostral Pontine Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (HT -> PN, abstract)] || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SO LAC.FD.HT.SO || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-neurohypophysis-vasopressin || (unknown reference) ||

Memory Autonomic Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.AH || Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Thermoregulation, panting, sweating || || || LAC.FD.HT.PRM || Premammillary Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || expression of fear responses to environmental threats || integrate information involved in spatial working
memory, which may result in attentional mechanisms
on selection of appropriate escape strategies || || LAC.FD.HT.SUM || Supramammillary Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || control hippocampal plasticity, determine frequency of hippocampal theta rhythm || ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.FD.HT.AH || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM LAC.FD.HT.PRM || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NCP || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AH LAC.FD.HT.AH || BrainRegionNCP_NC_AL_SGCG NCP.NC.AL.SGCG || Subgenual Cingulate Cortex || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM LAC.FD.HT.PRM || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MPV FAM.FT.AM.MPV || Medial Posteror Ventral Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> HT.L, abstract)] || || FEC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM || BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_MED FEC.FT.SNC.MED || Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Medial || nucleus-nucleus-DA || (unknown reference) || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AH LAC.FD.HT.AH || BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBP FMM.FT.HF.SUBP || Proximal Subiculum || allocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM LAC.FD.HT.PRM || BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA || Ventral Tegmental Area || nucleus-nucleus-DA || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.SUM || BrainRegionLMC_MM_RF_SUC LMC.MM.RF.SUC || Superior Central Raphe Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-5HT || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM || BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB FAM.FT.SEP.DBB || Diagonal Band of Broca || nucleus-nucleus || [Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> SEP, abstract)] || || || || FAM.FT.SEP.MED || Medial Septal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> SEP, abstract)] || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM || BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA2 FMM.FT.HC.CA2 || Dorsolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus || nucleus-allocortex || [Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> HF, abstract)] || || || || FMM.FT.HC.CA3P || Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus || nucleus-allocortex || [Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> HF, abstract)] || || || || FMM.FT.HC.DG || Dentate Gyrus || nucleus-allocortex || [Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> HF, abstract)] || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM LAC.FD.HT.PRM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

Salivation and Tears Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.HM.SAL.ISL || Inferior Salivatory Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || facilitate digestion - produce watery saliva || preganglionic parasympathetic nucleus; project to
otic ganglion to parotid and lingual (von Ebner)
salivatory glands; posterior pulmonary plexus -
motor fibers are derived from inferior salivatory
nucleus; glossopharyngeal nerve || || LAC.HM.SAL.SSL || Superior Salivatory Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || facilitate respiration - produce thiker saliva || preganglionic parasympathetic nucleus; project to
submaxillary (submandibular) ganglion to
submandibular/sublingual salivatory glands; to
sphenopalatine ganglion to superior maxillary nerve
as vasodilator and secretory fibers to the mucous
membrane of the nose, soft palate, tonsils, uvula,
roof of the mouth, upper lips and gums, parotid and
orbital glands; facial nerve || || LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG || Otic Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Parotid gland || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG || Sphenopalatine Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Lacrimal, nasal and palatine glands || Head and neck region || || LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG || Submandibular Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Submaxillary and sublingual salivary glands || Head and neck region, facilitate respiration || || LAC.PN.SYM.MCG || Middle Cervical Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Eye, tear and salivatory glands || ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.HM.SAL.ISL || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_OTG LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG || nucleus-ganglion || [Autonomic nervous system (ISL -> OTG)] || || LAC.HM.SAL.SSL || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_SPG LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG || nucleus-ganglion || [Autonomic nervous system (SSL -> SPG)] || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG || nucleus-ganglion || [Autonomic nervous system (SSL -> SMG)] ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_MCG LAC.PN.SYM.MCG || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_HM_SAL_ISL LAC.HM.SAL.ISL || BrainRegionLMC_HP_TG_LDT LMC.HP.TG.LDT || Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-ACh || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.HM.SAL.SSL || BrainRegionLMC_HP_TG_LDT LMC.HP.TG.LDT || Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-ACh || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_HM_SAL_ISL LAC.HM.SAL.ISL || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_GUT LAC.PN.PSYM.GUT || Parasympathetic Gut Brain || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_OTG LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_FEEDER TARGET.TEA.FEEDER || Mouth feeder || parotid-gland || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_FEEDER TARGET.TEA.FEEDER || Mouth feeder || uvulae-muscle || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.PROTECTOR || Immunity glands and meninges || hard-palate-mucosal-gland || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_FEEDER TARGET.TEA.FEEDER || Mouth feeder || sublingual-gland || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.MCG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-parathyroid-gland || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.HEART || Heart || heart-cardiac-lower-muscle-middle || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || forearm-blood-vessels || (unknown reference) || || TSA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_SPG LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG || BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EYE TARGET.TSA.EYE || Eye || eye-tears-gland || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TSA.NOSE || Nose || nose-nasal-glands || (unknown reference) ||

Autonomic Thermoregulation

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Regulates release of gonadotropic hormones, sexual differentiation || || || LAC.HM.TGM.PE5 || Peritrigeminal Nucleus || nucleus || LAS || Thermoregulation || Project to thermosensitive neurons of medial
preoptic area ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.HM.TGM.PE5 || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Cortical || || || || || || || NSA || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PRP NSA.NC.PH.PRP || Prepyriform Cortex || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MEA FAM.FT.AM.MEA || Medial Anterior Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract)] || || || || FAM.FT.AM.MPD || Medial Posteror Dorsal Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract)] || || || || FAM.FT.SEP.LT || Lateral Septal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Cingulate Gyrus (SEP -> HT, abstract)] || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1D FMM.FT.HC.CA1D || Distal CA1 of Hippocampus || allocortex-nucleus || [Feeling (HC -> HT, abstract)] || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.FD.HT.PRM || Premammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA || Ventral Tegmental Area || nucleus-nucleus-DA || [Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> MPOA)] || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionLPC_FD_TH_PV LPC.FD.TH.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.HM.TGM.PE5 || BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_VL LPC.SC.VH.VL || Ventrolateral Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_LT FAM.FD.LHB.LT || Lateral Habenula Lateral Part || nucleus-nucleus || [Habenula Connections (LPO -> LHb, abstract)] || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM || Supramammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.FD.HT.TBM || Tuberomammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || BrainRegionLMC_HM_RP_OB LMC.HM.RP.OB || Raphe Obscurus Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

Thirst and Hunger Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.AR || Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus || nucleus || LAC || Regulation of growth, appetite and body weight || lateral of tuberlulum, TIDA - releases dopamine to
regulate secretion of prolactin hormone, GHRH -
stimulate growth hormone secretion (ventrolateral) || || LAC.FD.HT.DM || Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Blood pressure, heart rate || || || LAC.FD.HT.LTN || Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || feeding center || lesions - lack of appetite || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Regulate appetite and autonomic functions || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Satiety, control of eating || medial of tuberculum ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.FD.HT.AR || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.LTN || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC.FD.HT.DM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN LAC.FD.HT.LTN || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VM LAC.FD.HT.VM || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN LAC.FD.HT.LTN || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_CEM FAM.FT.AM.CEM || Medial Central Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> HT.L, abstract)] || || || || FAM.FT.SEP.SH || Septohippocampal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Cingulate Gyrus (SEP -> HT, abstract)] || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MPD FAM.FT.AM.MPD || Medial Posteror Dorsal Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (AM -> HT.PV, abstract)] || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MPV FAM.FT.AM.MPV || Medial Posteror Ventral Amygdaloid Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || [Role for serotonin in moral behavior (AMY -> HYP, abstract)] || || FEC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN LAC.FD.HT.LTN || BrainRegionFEC_FT_ACC_SH FEC.FT.ACC.SH || Nucleus Accumbens Shell || nucleus-nucleus-gaba || (unknown reference) || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBD FMM.FT.HF.SUBD || Distal Subiculum || allocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBP FMM.FT.HF.SUBP || Proximal Subiculum || allocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || Suprachiasmatic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || Suprachiasmatic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PRM LAC.FD.HT.PRM || Premammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA || Ventral Tegmental Area || nucleus-nucleus-DA || [Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> PVN)] || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AR LAC.FD.HT.AR || BrainRegionLPC_HM_SOL LPC.HM.SOL || Solitary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLPC_HM_SOL LPC.HM.SOL || Solitary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN LAC.FD.HT.LTN || BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_LT FAM.FD.LHB.LT || Lateral Habenula Lateral Part || nucleus-nucleus || [Habenula Connections (LH -> LHb, abstract)] || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionFAM_FT_BNST FAM.FT.BNST || Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || FEC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VM LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_CD FEC.FD.STN.CD || Subthalamic Nucleus Caudal || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN LAC.FD.HT.LTN || BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB FMM.FD.MB.LMB || Lateral Mammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || FMM.FD.MB.MMB || Medial Mammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLAC_SC_CC_DCN LAC.SC.CC.DCN || Dorsal Commissural Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.SC.IZ.SPS || Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.SC.LH.LSN || Lateral Spinal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PO LAC.FD.HT.PO || Preoptic Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_DM LAC.FD.HT.DM || BrainRegionLMC_HP_LC LMC.HP.LC || Locus Coeruleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.LTN || BrainRegionLMC_HM_RP_MG LMC.HM.RP.MG || Raphe Magnus Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLMC_HM_RP_MG LMC.HM.RP.MG || Raphe Magnus Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.VM || BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG LMC.MM.PAG || Periaqueductal Gray Matter || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF LPC.SC.VH.ONF || Onuf's Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AR LAC.FD.HT.AR || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-adenohypophysis || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.FD.HT.PV || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-neurohypophysis-oxytocin || [Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (HT.PV -> PUT)] ||

Vision Autonomic Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.FD.HT.PN || Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Blood pressure, pupillary dilation || || || LAC.MM.EWN || Edinger-Westphal Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || Change Eye Pupil || Parasympathetic nucleus, parvocellular extention of
OCN || || LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG || Ciliary Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Control pupillary diameter || Sphincter muscles of the iris || || LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG || Episcleral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Control curvature of lens || Sphincter muscles of the iris || || LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || Superior Cervical Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Eye, tear and salivatory glands || || || LAC.SC.IZ.CSC || Ciliospinal Center || nucleus || LAM || Control of iris dilator muscle || Budge's Center, intermediolateral cell column ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.FD.HT.PN || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_CSC LAC.SC.IZ.CSC || nucleus-nucleus || [Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (PHT -> CC)] || || LAC.MM.EWN || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CLG LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG || nucleus-ganglion || [Autonomic nervous system (EWN -> CLG)] || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG || nucleus-ganglion || [Autonomic nervous system (EWN -> EPG)] || || LAC.SC.IZ.CSC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || nucleus-ganglion || [Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (CC -> SCG)] ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN || Suprachiasmatic Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || || LAC.SC.LH.LSN || Lateral Spinal Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PN LAC.FD.HT.PN || BrainRegionLMC_MM_RF_SUC LMC.MM.RF.SUC || Superior Central Raphe Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus-5HT || (unknown reference) || || LRC || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PN LAC.FD.HT.PN || BrainRegionLRC_HM_INM LRC.HM.INM || Intercalated Nucleus of Medulla || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.MM.EWN || BrainRegionLRC_MM_DSCH LRC.MM.DSCH || Darkschewitsch Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SupraOculomotor -> EWN, abstract)] || || || || LRC.MM.PT.PON || Pretectal Olivary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Pretectum -> EWN, abstract)] || || || || LRC.MM.PT.PR || Principal Pretectal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Pretectum -> EWN, abstract)] || || || || LRC.MM.PT.SL || Sublentiform Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || [Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Pretectum -> EWN, abstract)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || FAM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PN LAC.FD.HT.PN || BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT || Lateral Septal Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || FMM || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PN LAC.FD.HT.PN || BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB FMM.FD.MB.LMB || Lateral Mammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || FMM.FD.MB.MMB || Medial Mammillary Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || || FMM.FT.HC.CA3P || Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus || nucleus-allocortex || (unknown reference) || || || || FMM.FT.HC.DG || Dentate Gyrus || nucleus-allocortex || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_SCG LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_HEART TARGET.TEA.HEART || Heart || heart-cardiac-upper-muscle || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || brachial-artery-vasoconstrictors || (unknown reference) || || TSA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_CLG LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG || BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EYE TARGET.TSA.EYE || Eye || eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic || [Autonomic nervous system (CLG -> EYE)] || || || LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG || BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EYE TARGET.TSA.EYE || Eye || eye-muscle-pupil-close || [Autonomic nervous system (EPG -> EYE)] || || || LAC.PN.SYM.SCG || BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EYE TARGET.TSA.EYE || Eye || eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic || [Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (SCG -> EYE)] ||

Sacral Autonomic Control

unavailable

|| *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Service* || *Function* || *Comments* || || LAC.HP.BR || Barrington's Nucleus || nucleus || LAC || Supraspinal regulation of urination || Sends projections to Sacral Precerebellar Nucleus || || LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG || Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || LAG || Sigmoid, rectum, bladder, and external genitalia || Pelvic nerve fibers || || LAC.PN.SYM.ARG || Aorticorenal Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Kidney, Ureter || T12 || || LAC.PN.SYM.IMG || Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || LAG || Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs || S1-S4, single - not paired, unpaired visceral
arteries || || LAC.SC.CC.DCN || Dorsal Commissural Nucleus || nucleus || LAS || Relay of sensory information from pelvic viscera || Includes nociception || || LAC.SC.IZ.SPS || Sacral Parasympathetic Nucleus || nucleus || LAM || parasympathetic impulses pass via postganglionic fibers to the urinary bladder,
erectile tissues, and the smooth muscles and glands in the colon and rectum || from Lamina VII, visceral parasympathetic ||

Internal Region Connections:*

|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || LAC.HP.BR || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_SPS LAC.SC.IZ.SPS || nucleus-nucleus || [Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (BAR -> SPS)] || || LAC.SC.CC.DCN || BrainRegionLAC_HP_BR LAC.HP.BR || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LAC.SC.IZ.SPS || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG || nucleus-ganglion || [Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (SPS -> PEL)] ||

External Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Local Region* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LAC || BrainRegionLAC_PN_SYM_ARG LAC.PN.SYM.ARG || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.IMG || BrainRegionLAC_SC_IZ_IML LAC.SC.IZ.IML || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.SC.CC.DCN || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.SC.IZ.SPS || BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV LAC.FD.HT.PV || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || LMC || BrainRegionLAC_HP_BR LAC.HP.BR || BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG LMC.MM.PAG || Periaqueductal Gray Matter || nucleus-nucleus-ENK || [Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (PAG -> BAR)] ||

External Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Local Region* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Reference* || || Subcortical || || || || || || || LPC || BrainRegionLAC_HP_BR LAC.HP.BR || BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_ONF LPC.SC.VH.ONF || Onuf's Nucleus || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || Target || || || || || || || TEA || BrainRegionLAC_PN_PSYM_PPG LAC.PN.PSYM.PPG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_BREAST TARGET.TEA.BREAST || Breast || nipple-smooth-muscles || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA || Genitalia || corpus-cavernosum-clitoridis || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.RECTUM || Rectum || sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-parasympathetic || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.STOMACH || Stomach || stomach-wall || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.URETER || Ureter || detrusor-urinae-muscle-parasympathetic || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.ARG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE || Endocrine Glands || endocrine-ovary-gland || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.VESSELS || Blood vessels || renal-blood-vessels || (unknown reference) || || || LAC.PN.SYM.IMG || BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_GENITALIA TARGET.TEA.GENITALIA || Genitalia || bartholin-gland || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.RECTUM || Rectum || sphincter-ani-internus-muscle-sympathetic || (unknown reference) || || || || TARGET.TEA.URETER || Ureter || detrusor-urinae-muscle-sympathetic || (unknown reference) ||