BrainRegionTARGET TSA EYE
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Eye
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This page covers biological details of component Eye. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
- Top-down path to region: Target -> Human Sensors (aHumanSensors) -> Eye (TARGET.TSA.EYE) (see Mind Maps)
- Type: sensor
- Quality: L0
- Brain area: Sensor Area (TSA)
- Area circuit: TARGET.TSA.EYE Circuit (TARGET.TSA.EYE.CIRCUIT)
- Role: targetsensor
- Function: Light and Color Perception Sensor
(generated)
Components
(generated)
Component items:
- Eye sensory data (eye-sensory)
- Eye - rods and cones (eye-edge-output -> LPC.PN.SG.RT): after on-center/off-center edge extraction and zipping 100:1
- Eye - somatic receptors (eye-somatic -> LPC.PN.SG.TRG): eye -> semilunar ganglion/ophthalmic -> PTR
- Eye - visceral receptors (eye-visceral -> LPC.MM.MSTR): eye -> semilunar ganglion/ophthalmic -> STR, proprioception
- Eye rotation motor muscles (eye-rotation-motor)
- Eye - inferior oblique muscle (LPC.MM.OCN -> eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique): extorsion, elevation, abduction
- Eye - inferior rectus muscle (LPC.MM.OCN -> eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-rectus): depression and adduction
- Eye - medial rectus muscle (LPC.MM.OCN -> eye-muscle-rotate-major-medial-rectus): adducts the eyeball
- Eye - superior rectus muscle (LPC.MM.OCN -> eye-muscle-rotate-major-superior-rectus): elevates, adducts, and rotates medially the eye
- Eye - levator palpebrae superioris muscle (LPC.MM.OCN -> eye-muscle-rotate-major-levator-palpebrae): retracts/elevates eyelid
- Eye - superior oblique muscle (LPC.MM.TRH -> eye-muscle-rotate-minor): superior oblique, rotation in a vertical plane - looking down and up, rotation in the plane of the face
- Eye - lateral rectus muscle (LPC.HT.ABD -> eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular): lateral rectus, quick turn to the right -> compensatory reflex turning of two eyes to the left
- Eye pupil and accomodation motor muscles (eye-pupil-motor)
- Eye - ciliary muscle - sympathetic (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG -> eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic): to ciliary muscle to increase eye accomodation
- Eye - ciliary muscle - parasympathetic (LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG -> eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic): to ciliary muscle to inhibit eye accomodation
- Eye - iris sphincter muscle (LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG -> eye-muscle-pupil-close): to sphincter pupillae to close pupil
- Eye - iris dilator muscle (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG -> eye-muscle-pupil-open): to dilator pupillae to open pupil
- Eyelid motor muscles (eyelid-motor)
- Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:temporal (LPC.HT.FCM -> eye-muscle-close-conscious-orbital): orbital portion, contraction of the orbital to reduce glare
- Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:zygomatic (LPC.HT.FCM -> eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal): lacrimal part (tensor tarsi), conscious muscle to close eye; draws the eyelids and the ends of the lacrimal canals medialward and compresses them against the surface of the globe of the eye; compresses the lacrimal sac
- Eye - orbicularis oculi muscle:palpebrale (LPC.HT.FCM -> eye-muscle-close-involuntary-palpebrale): palpebral portion, acts involuntarily, closing the lids gently; involuntary muscle to close eye
- Eye - superior tarsal muscle (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG -> eye-muscle-superior-tarsal): raise the upper eyelid
- Eye - inferior tarsal muscle (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG -> eye-muscle-inferior-tarsal): lower lid retraction
- Eye - orbitalis muscle (LAC.PN.SYM.SCG -> eye-orbitalis-muscle): protrusion of eyeball
- Eye glands (eye-glands)
- Eye - lacrimal gland (LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG -> eye-tears-gland): tears
- Eye - lacrimal gland and conjunctiva receptors (eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors -> LPC.PN.SG.TRG): tears
Connectivity
(generated)
Inbound Region Connections:
| Source Area | Source Region | Source Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| LAC | LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG | Ciliary Ganglion | eye-muscle-curvature-parasympathetic | (none) | Autonomic nervous system (CLG -> EYE) |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG | Episcleral Ganglion | eye-muscle-pupil-close | (none) | Autonomic nervous system (EPG -> EYE) | |
| LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG | Sphenopalatine Ganglion | eye-tears-gland | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LAC.PN.SYM.SCG | Superior Cervical Ganglion | eye-muscle-curvature-sympathetic | (none) | Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways (SCG -> EYE) | |
| LPC | LPC.HT.ABD | Abducens Nucleus | eye-muscle-rotate-vestibular | (none) | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Abducens -> EYE) |
| LPC.HT.FCM | Facial Motor Nucleus | eye-muscle-close-conscious-lacrimal | (none) | (unknown reference) | |
| LPC.MM.OCN | Oculomotor Nucleus | eye-muscle-rotate-major-inferior-oblique | (none) | Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (Oculomotor -> EYE) | |
| LPC.MM.TRH | Trochlear Nucleus | eye-muscle-rotate-minor | (none) | Extraocular eye muscles (TRC -> EYE) |
Outbound Region Connections:
| Target Area | Target Region | Target Name | Type | Role | Reference |
| LPC | LPC.MM.MSTR | Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus | eye-visceral | (none) | (unknown reference) |
| LPC.PN.SG.RT | Retinal Ganglion | eye-edge-output | (none) | Vision Components (EYE -> RT) | |
| LPC.PN.SG.TRG | Trigeminal Ganglion | eye-lacrimal-gland-conjunctiva-receptors | (none) | (unknown reference) |
Thirdparty Circuits
(generated)
- Vision Components - see Reference (CP.VISION-COMPONENTS)
CG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE LGN=Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN OCN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN RT=Retinal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.RT SOA=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) STN=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR VAC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see Intraparietal Sulcus) VC=Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC
- Retinal layers - see Reference (CX.EYE-RETINA)
GANGLION=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT INNER=Retinal Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.RT RODSCONES=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE
- Extraocular eye muscles - see Reference (CX.EYE-EXTRAOCULAR-MUSCLES)
ABD=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE OCN=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN TRC=Trochlear Nucleus,LPC.MM.TRH
- Trigeminal Nuclei - see Reference (CP.TRIGEMINAL-NUCLEI)
CSN=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE STR=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR VPM=Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM
- Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex - see Reference (CP.SACCADIC-MOTOR-CONTROL)
Abducens=Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD Ciliary=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE Facial=Facial Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.FCM Oculomotor=Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN Pretectum=Pretectum,MM.PT (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) PrincipalTrigeminal=Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR RF=Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF SpinalTrigeminal=Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HL.TGS.STR SupraOculomotor=Supraoculomotor Area,VBA.MM.SOA (see Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon) VAC=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see Occipital Lobe)
- Effect of light on pupil diameter - see Reference (CP.PUPIL-REFLEX)
DMH=Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.DM EW=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE GC=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG IML=Ciliospinal Center,LAC.SC.IZ.CSC LC=Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC OPN=Pretectal Olivary Nucleus,LRC.MM.PT.PON PVN=Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV RET=Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT SCG=Superior Cervical Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.SCG SCN=Suprachiasmatic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SCN
- Sympathetic and parasympathetic eye pathways - see Reference (CP.EYE-SYM-PATHWAYS)
CC=Ciliospinal Center,LAC.SC.IZ.CSC CLG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE PHT=Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PN SCG=Superior Cervical Ganglion,LAC.PN.SYM.SCG
- Autonomic nervous system - see Reference (CM.AUTONOMIC-MUSCLES)
CLG=Ciliary Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.CLG DM=Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN EPG=Episcleral Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.EPG EWN=Edinger-Westphal Nucleus,LAC.MM.EWN EYE=Eye,TARGET.TSA.EYE ISL=Inferior Salivatory Nucleus,LAC.HL.SAL.ISL OTG=Otic Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.OTG SMG=Submandibular Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SXG SPG=Sphenopalatine Ganglion,LAC.PN.PSYM.SPG SSL=Superior Salivatory Nucleus,LAC.HL.SAL.SSL
References
(generated)
- http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html
- http://education.med.nyu.edu/Histology/courseware/modules/eye-and-ear/eye-and-ear21.html
- http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-cranial-nerves-organization-of-the-central-nervous-system-part-4
- http://www.lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=Trigeminal+Nucleilang=1
- http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnint.2012.00094/full
- http://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v71/n3/fig_tab/pr201138f1.html
- http://www.neurophysiology.ws/autonomicns.htm
