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Cerebellum

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Divisions

Cerebellum consists of:

• *Fastigial Nucleus*
• *Globose Nucleus*
• *Emboliform Nucleus*
• *Dentate Nucleus*
• *Cerebellum Cortex*
• Interposed Nucleus = Globose Nucleus + Emboliform Nucleus

Diagrams

• Neurons:*

• Connections:*

Cerebellum Cortex

Cerebellum Cortex consists of:

• Medial=Vermal (projects to Fastigial Nucleus)
• Intermediate=Paravermal (projects to Interposed Nucleus)
• Lateral=Hemisphere (projects to Dentate Nucleus)

Cerebellum Lobes:

• Archicerebellum=Vestibulocerebellum (vermis) - vestibular->body
• Paleocerebellum=Spinocerebellum (vermal, paravermal) - body->body
• Neocerebellum (posterior) - cerebral cortex->body

Cortex Layers:

• Molecular layer (outer)
• Purkinje cell layer
• Granular layer

Cerebellum Neurons

• granular cells (total 100G) - like "T"

* 4-6 short dendrites
* axon goes to molecular layer and bifurcates into 2 branches
* branches go in opposite directions
* branches have excitatory synapses with Purkinje cells dendrites

• Purkinje cell - the only output of CR

* each Purkinje cell receives synapses from thousands of parallel fibers
* Purkinje cell projects to CR nuclei as inhibitory
* recurrent axon collaterals have inhibitory connections with other Purkinje cells

• cerebellum nuclei exert excitary influences on muscles

Cerebellum Inputs

Climbing Fibers:

• arrive from *inferior olivary nucleus*
• excitatory to cerebellum cortex Purkinje cells
• excitatory to cerebellum nuclei
• each fiber divides into 10 branches within granular layer
• branches go to molecular layer and synapse with Purkinje cells
• each branch has several hundreds of synapses
• one branch contacts several Purkinje cells
• one Purkinje cell receives input from only one climbing fiber

Mossy Fibers:

• originate from SC, vestibular, trigeminal, pontine, bRF
• excitatory to granule cells
• excitatory to cerebellum nuclei

Raphe Nucleus:

• to cerebellar nuclei
• to cerebellar cortex

Locus Ceruleus:

• to Purkinje cells