View source for BrainRegionFEC HT TG IPD

<pre style="color: green">Interpeduncular Nucleus</pre>
@@[[Home]] -> [[BiologicalLifeResearch]] -> [[BrainAreaFEC]] -> [[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD]]
----

This page covers biological details of component Interpeduncular Nucleus.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

* '''Top-down path to region''': Hindbrain Metencephalon -> [[BrainCenterHT_TG|Pontine Tegmental Nuclei]] (HT.TG) -> [[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus]] (FEC.HT.TG.IPD) (see [[OverallMindMaps|Mind Maps]])
* '''Type''': nucleus
* '''Quality''': L0
* '''Brain area''': [[BrainAreaFEC|Forebrain - Execution Control Area]] (FEC)
* '''Area circuit''': Motor Flexor Loop (FECMF)
* '''Role''': basal.ganglia.pptn
* '''Function''': postural control, voluntary arm and eye movements
* '''Notes to function''': 
** unpaired
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


* no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/FEC.HT.TG.IPD.dot.png

'''Inbound Region Connections:'''

{| class=wikitable width=80%
| '''Source Area''' || '''Source Region''' || '''Source Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
|-
| [[BrainAreaFAM|FAM]] || [[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|FAM.FD.MHB]] || Medial Habenula || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (M -> IPN)]
|-
| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_ICD|FEC.FD.STN.ICD]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Internal Caudal || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED|FEC.FT.SNR.MED]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG|FEC.HT.TG.RMTG]] || Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
|-
| [[BrainAreaLMC|LMC]] || [[BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC|LMC.HT.LC]] || Locus Coeruleus || modulatory-ne || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms (LC -> IPN)]
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT|LMC.HT.TG.LDT]] || Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus || modulatory-ach || uncertain ||(unknown reference)
|}

'''Outbound Region Connections:'''

{| class=wikitable width=80%
| '''Target Area''' || '''Target Region''' || '''Target Name''' || '''Type''' || '''Role''' || '''Reference'''
|-
| [[BrainAreaFEC|FEC]] || [[BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT|FEC.FD.STN.LT]] || Subthalamic Nucleus Lateral || modulatory-ach || uncertain || (unknown reference)
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT|FEC.FT.SNC.LT]] || Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)]
|-
| [[BrainAreaFMM|FMM]] || [[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA3P|FMM.FT.HC.CA3P]] || Proximal CA3 of Hippocampus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Hippo, abstract)]
|-
| [[BrainAreaLMC|LMC]] || [[BrainRegionLMC_HL_RP_MG|LMC.HL.RP.MG]] || Raphe Magnus Nucleus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Raphe, abstract)]
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT|LMC.HT.TG.LDT]] || Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (IPD -> DTN)]
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|LMC.MM.PAG]] || Periaqueductal Gray Matter || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> PAG)]
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN|LMC.MM.RP.DRN]] || Dorsal Raphe Nucleus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> DRN)]
|-
|  || [[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|LMC.MM.VTA]] || Ventral Tegmental Area || modulatory-ach || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> VTA)]
|-
| [[BrainAreaLRC|LRC]] || [[BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT|LRC.MM.SC.INT]] || Intermediate Superior Colliculus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || (unknown reference)
|-
| [[BrainAreaNSA|NSA]] || [[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN|NSA.FD.LGN]] || Lateral Geniculate Nucleus || modulatory-ach || uncertain || (unknown reference)
|}

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/6/63/Taube_Figure_5a.png Head Direction Cell Circuit] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Reference] (CT.HEAD-DIRECTION)

 AD=[[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD|Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD]]
 DTN=[[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT|Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.DTG]]
 EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [[BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH|Rhinal Cortex]])
 HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
 IPD=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 LD=[[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD|Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD]]
 LHAB=[[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB|Habenula,FAM.FD.HB]]
 LMB=[[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB|Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB]]
 MVSN=[[BrainRegionLPC_HT_MVBN|Medial Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.MVBN]]
 NPRP=[[BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH|Prepositus Nucleus,LRC.HL.NPH]]
 PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
 PRHC=[[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POR|Postrhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.POR]]
 PSUB=[[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS|Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS]]
 RSP=[[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC|Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC]]
 SUPGEN=[[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_SG|Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus,NSA.FD.TH.SG]]
 VC=[[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC|Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/1f4c1812ddb8ec93b53b4ed26dc3a381.png" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

* [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/images/nn.3779-F2.jpg Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Reference] (CF.HB-DA5HT)

 DBB=[[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB|Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB]]
 DRN=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN|Dorsal Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.DRN]]
 GPb=Dorsal Pallidum,FEC.FT.DP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 IPN=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 LHA=[[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN|Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN]]
 LHbL=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_LT|Lateral Habenula Lateral Part,FAM.FD.LHB.LT]]
 LHbM=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_MED|Lateral Habenula Medial Part,FAM.FD.LHB.MED]]
 LPO=[[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VLPO|Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO]]
 LS=[[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT|Lateral Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.LT]]
 MHb=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]]
 MRN=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see [[BrainCenterHL_RF|Medullary Reticular Formation]])
 MS=[[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_MED|Medial Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.MED]]
 PS=Posterior Septal Group,FAM.FT.SEP.PG (see [[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP|Septal Nuclei]])
 RMTg=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG|Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG]]
 SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 VTA=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/97cf0802ee48a418ff7f70f80ce204e1.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

* [http://d2avczb82rh8fa.cloudfront.net/content/jn/107/10/2633/F1.large.jpg Connectivity map of the habenula] - see [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Reference] (CF.HB-CONN)

 CPu=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 EP=[[BrainRegionFAM_FT_EPF|Endopiriform Nucleus,FAM.FT.EPF]]
 Hippo=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF|Hippocampal Formation]])
 IPN=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 L=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB|Habenula]])
 LH=[[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN|Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN]]
 M=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]]
 NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 PAG=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG|Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]]
 Raphe=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see [[BrainCenterHL_RF|Medullary Reticular Formation]])
 SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 Septum=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP|Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]]
 VTA=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/213e030f063f9640f8ace79244e622d1.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/images/nrn2849-f7.jpg Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html Reference] (CF.HB-NICOTINE)

 IPN=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 LC=[[BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC|Locus Coeruleus,LMC.HT.LC]]
 LHB=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB|Habenula]])
 MHB=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/5ad8108c823890273a2c96d0dfc8441f.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/2/2d/Hb-connections-small.jpg/800px-Hb-connections-small.jpg Habenula Connections] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula Reference] (CF.HB-CONNECTIONS)

 CPu=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 DBB=[[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB|Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB]]
 DR=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN|Dorsal Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.DRN]]
 GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG|Basal Ganglia]])
 IP=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 LH=Lateral Hypothalamic Area,LAC.FD.HT.LT (see [[BrainCenterFD_HT|Hypothalamus]])
 LHb=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB|Habenula]])
 LPO=[[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VLPO|Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO]]
 MHb=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]]
 MR=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_SUC|Superior Central Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.SUC]]
 PB=[[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE|Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE]]
 S=[[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP|Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]]
 SNc=[[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT|Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]]
 VTA=[[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA|Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/fa0c61d9adf99556d6de6701a35123b8.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

* [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royptb/364/1519/1005/F1.large.jpg Connectivity of dorsal diencephalic conduction system] - see [http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1519/1005 Reference] (CF.HB-ASYMM)

 IPN=[[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD|Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]]
 LHb=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB|Habenula]])
 MHb=[[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB|Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]]
<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/ext/839db9132bbd8d3fd1d79670e1457ab4.jpg" alt=alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400 width=400>


= References =
(generated)

* http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells
* http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html
* http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633
* http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html
* http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula
* http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1519/1005