#summary Muscle Control @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [CircuitMuscleControl] ---- This page covers components and connections of circuit Muscle Control. Circuit is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. (generated) = Components = (generated) || *Mind Area* || *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Function* || || [BrainAreaACA ACA] || [BrainRegionAVA_HM_VG AVA.HM.VG] || Vagus Nucleus || nucleus || Parasympathetic vagal functions in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_PSYM_ILG AVA.PN.PSYM.ILG] || Intralaryngeal Peripheral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || parasympathetic motor of larynx, c.n. X || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_PSYM_PPG AVA.PN.PSYM.PPG] || Pelvic Peripheral Ganglion || parasympathetic ganglion || Sigmoid, rectum, bladder, and external genitalia || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_ARG AVA.PN.SYM.ARG] || Aorticorenal Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Kidney, Ureter || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_CEG AVA.PN.SYM.CEG] || Coelic Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Liver, stomach, pancreas, small intestine || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_IMG AVA.PN.SYM.IMG] || Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_MCG AVA.PN.SYM.MCG] || Middle Cervical Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Eye, tear and salivatory glands || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_SCG AVA.PN.SYM.SCG] || Superior Cervical Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Eye, tear and salivatory glands || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_SMG AVA.PN.SYM.SMG] || Superior Mesenteric Ganglion || sympathetic ganglion || Large intestine, rectum || || || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_IZ_IML AVA.SC.IZ.IML] || Intermediolateral Nucleus || nucleus || Mediate entire sympathetic innervation of body || || || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_VH_ONF AVA.SC.VH.ONF] || Onuf's Nucleus || nucleus || Maintenance of urination and defecation, muscular contraction during orgasm || || [BrainAreaAMA AMA] || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_NBM BFA.FT.NBM] || Basal Nucleus of Meynert || nucleus || Control imagination vs perception || || [BrainAreaECA ECA] || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_GPI BGA.FT.GPI] || Globus Pallidus Internal || nucleus || Output nuclei of basal ganglia to neocortex || || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_PU BGA.FT.PU] || Putamen || nucleus || Stimulus-response, or habit, learning || || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_SN_PC BGA.FT.SN.PC] || Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta || nucleus || Fine motor control, temporal processing || || [BrainAreaMCA MCA] || [BrainRegionBMA_HP_PB BMA.HP.PB] || Parabrachial Nucleus || nucleus || Source of short-latency nociceptive input || || || [BrainRegionFBA_HP_LC FBA.HP.LC] || Locus Coeruleus || nucleus || Regulate the intensity of responses to salient stimuli || || || [BrainRegionFBA_MM_PAG FBA.MM.PAG] || Periaqueductal Gray Matter || nucleus || Descending modulation of pain and in defensive behaviour || || || [BrainRegionFBA_MM_VTA FBA.MM.VTA] || Ventral Tegmental Area || nucleus || Respond to novel stimuli, unexpected rewards, and reward predictive sensory cues || || [BrainAreaEPA EPA] || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || cortex, BA 09,46 || Temporal Integration || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex || cortex, BA 10,11,12 || Personality || || [BrainAreaPCA PCA] || [BrainRegionHMA_HP_PTP_PTR HMA.HP.PTP.PTR] || Principal Trigeminal Nucleus || nucleus || Facial Somatic Sensations || || || [BrainRegionHMA_MM_MSTR HMA.MM.MSTR] || Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus || sensory ganglion || unconscious proprioception from muscle spindles; facial somatic sensations from muscles of mastication, monosynaptic masticatory reflex || || [BrainAreaACA ACA] || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PO HTA.FD.HT.PO] || Preoptic Area || nucleus || Thermoregulation || || || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PV HTA.FD.HT.PV] || Paraventricular Nucleus || nucleus || Regulate appetite and autonomic functions || || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_BR MBA.HP.BR] || Barrington's Nucleus || nucleus || Supraspinal regulation of urination || || [BrainAreaLCA LCA] || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_CR MBA.HP.CR] || Cerebellum || nucleus || Motor coordination || || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_PN_PBB MBA.HP.PN.PBB] || Pontobulbar Body || nucleus || Control voluntary muscle activities || || [BrainAreaMAA MAA] || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VA MCA.FD.TH.VA] || Ventral Anterior Nucleus || nucleus || Relay BGA.SN, BGA.GPI, FCA.OMPFC, FCA.CG to MCA.PMC, MCA.SMC || || || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VL MCA.FD.TH.VL] || Ventral Lateral Nucleus || nucleus || Relay BSA.CR to MCA.MC || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_MC MCA.NC.MC] || Motor Cortex || cortex, BA 04 || Execution of required voluntary movements || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F4 MCA.NC.PMC.F4] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || Sensory guidance of movement || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F5 MCA.NC.PMC.F5] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || Shaping hand during grasping || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_SMC MCA.NC.SMC] || Supplementary Motor Cortex || cortex, BA 06 || Process sequences of movements and coordinate bilateral movements || || [BrainAreaMMA MMA] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PRR PHA.NC.PH.PRR] || Perirhinal Cortex || cortex, BA 35 || Associate different visual views of objects and their various nonvisual attributes || || [BrainAreaBAA BAA] || [BrainRegionSMA_FD_TH_VPL SMA.FD.TH.VPL] || Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus || nucleus || Relays somatic information from body to S1 || || || [BrainRegionSMA_NC_PG_S1 SMA.NC.PG.S1] || Somatosensory Cortex || cortex, BA 01,02,03 || Muscle and skin receptors || || [BrainAreaSAA SAA] || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_AIP VCA.NC.IPS.AIP] || Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus || cortex, BA 39 || Represent shape, size, and orientation of objects to be grasped || || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_VIP VCA.NC.IPS.VIP] || Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus || cortex, BA 39 || Merge visual, somatosensory, auditory, and vestibular senses || || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IT_TE VCA.NC.IT.TE] || Inferotemporal Cortex || cortex, BA 20 || Represent different views of objects || = Connections = (generated) http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/aHuman/CircuitMuscleControl.dot.jpg || *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || [BrainRegionAVA_HM_VG AVA.HM.VG] || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_PSYM_ILG AVA.PN.PSYM.ILG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_IMG AVA.PN.SYM.IMG] || [BrainRegionFBA_MM_PAG FBA.MM.PAG] || ganglion-nucleus || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (IMG -> PAG)] || || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_BR MBA.HP.BR] || ganglion-nucleus || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (IMG -> BAR)] || || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_IZ_IML AVA.SC.IZ.IML] || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_PSYM_PPG AVA.PN.PSYM.PPG] || nucleus-ganglion || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (IML -> PEL)] || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_ARG AVA.PN.SYM.ARG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_CEG AVA.PN.SYM.CEG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_MCG AVA.PN.SYM.MCG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_SCG AVA.PN.SYM.SCG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionAVA_PN_SYM_SMG AVA.PN.SYM.SMG] || nucleus-ganglion || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_VH_ONF AVA.SC.VH.ONF] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (IML -> ONF)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_NBM BFA.FT.NBM] || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (NBM -> MPFC)] || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_GPI BGA.FT.GPI] || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VL MCA.FD.TH.VL] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (GPi -> VLo)] || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_PU BGA.FT.PU] || [BrainRegionFBA_HP_LC FBA.HP.LC] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (PU -> LC)] || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_SN_PC BGA.FT.SN.PC] || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_CR MBA.HP.CR] || nucleus-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (SN -> CR, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionBMA_HP_PB BMA.HP.PB] || [BrainRegionAVA_HM_VG AVA.HM.VG] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (PBN -> DVM)] || || [BrainRegionFBA_HP_LC FBA.HP.LC] || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_IZ_IML AVA.SC.IZ.IML] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (LC -> IML)] || || [BrainRegionFBA_MM_PAG FBA.MM.PAG] || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_BR MBA.HP.BR] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (PAG -> BAR)] || || [BrainRegionFBA_MM_VTA FBA.MM.VTA] || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PO HTA.FD.HT.PO] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> MPOA)] || || || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PV HTA.FD.HT.PV] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (VTA -> PVN)] || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VA MCA.FD.TH.VA] || neocortex-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (LPFC -> TH, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionHMA_MM_MSTR HMA.MM.MSTR] || [BrainRegionHMA_HP_PTP_PTR HMA.HP.PTP.PTR] || ganglion-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_BR MBA.HP.BR] || [BrainRegionAVA_SC_IZ_IML AVA.SC.IZ.IML] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://jp.physoc.org/content/557/1/287/F9.expansion.html Schematic overview of spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathway (BAR -> IML)] || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_CR MBA.HP.CR] || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || nucleus-neocortex || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (CR -> LPFC)] || || || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VL MCA.FD.TH.VL] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL)] || || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_PN_PBB MBA.HP.PN.PBB] || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_CR MBA.HP.CR] || nucleus-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (PN -> CR, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionMCA_FD_TH_VL MCA.FD.TH.VL] || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_MC MCA.NC.MC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)] || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_MC MCA.NC.MC] || [BrainRegionMBA_HP_PN_PBB MBA.HP.PN.PBB] || neocortex-nucleus || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in motor behavior (MC -> PN, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionSMA_NC_PG_S1 SMA.NC.PG.S1] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> ParietalCortex, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F4 MCA.NC.PMC.F4] || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (MA -> PFC, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F5 MCA.NC.PMC.F5] || [BrainRegionSMA_NC_PG_S1 SMA.NC.PG.S1] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> S2)] || || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_AIP VCA.NC.IPS.AIP] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (F5 -> AIP)] || || [BrainRegionSMA_FD_TH_VPL SMA.FD.TH.VPL] || [BrainRegionSMA_NC_PG_S1 SMA.NC.PG.S1] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/C0079780323045827.htm Pain matrix (TH.VPL -> S1)] || || [BrainRegionSMA_NC_PG_S1 SMA.NC.PG.S1] || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F5 MCA.NC.PMC.F5] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (S2 -> F5)] || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_SMC MCA.NC.SMC] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PRR PHA.NC.PH.PRR] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_AIP VCA.NC.IPS.AIP] || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F4 MCA.NC.PMC.F4] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F4)] || || || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F5 MCA.NC.PMC.F5] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (AIP -> F5)] || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_VIP VCA.NC.IPS.VIP] || [BrainRegionMCA_NC_PMC_F4 MCA.NC.PMC.F4] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (VIP -> F4)] || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IT_TE VCA.NC.IT.TE] || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPS_AIP VCA.NC.IPS.AIP] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (IT -> AIP, abstract)] ||