#summary Memory Process in Cortex @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [CircuitMemoryProcessCortex] ---- This page covers components and connections of circuit Memory Process in Cortex. Circuit is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. (generated) = Components = (generated) || *Mind Area* || *Component ID* || *Component Name* || *Type* || *Function* || || [BrainAreaPCA PCA] || [BrainRegionACA_FD_TH_SG ACA.FD.TH.SG] || Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Spatial coding of auditory information || || [BrainAreaAMA AMA] || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_HB BFA.FD.HB] || Habenula || nucleus || Encoding negative feedback || || || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_TH_PT BFA.FD.TH.PT] || Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Direct behavior toward a particular outcome over a range of outcomes || || || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_TH_PV BFA.FD.TH.PV] || Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Direct behavior toward a particular outcome over a range of outcomes || || || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_AM BFA.FT.AM] || Amygdala || nucleus || Experiencing and recognizing emotions || || || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_SEP BFA.FT.SEP] || Septal Nucleus || nucleus || Inhibition of fear and expression of pleasurable responses || || [BrainAreaECA ECA] || [BrainRegionBGA_FD_TH_CM BGA.FD.TH.CM] || Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Control of level of cortical activity || || || [BrainRegionBGA_FD_TH_PF BGA.FD.TH.PF] || Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Stimulation of acetylcholine release in dorsal striata || || || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_ACC BGA.FT.ACC] || Accumbens Nucleus || nucleus || Activate motor functions under attention || || || [BrainRegionBGA_HP_PPN BGA.HP.PPN] || Pedunculopontine Nucleus || nucleus || Provide sensory feedback to cerebral cortex; modulatory || || [BrainAreaMRA MRA] || [BrainRegionBMA_HP_VB BMA.HP.VB] || Vestibular Nucleus || nucleus || Equilibrium, Postural Reflexes || || [BrainAreaEPA EPA] || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Extended hippocampal system || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Head direction, spatial learning || || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_PCG CGA.NC.MPL.PCG] || Posterior Cingulate Cortex || cortex, BA 23,31 || Self-awareness, pain and episodic memory retrieval || || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || Retrosplenial Cortex || cortex, BA 26,29,30 || Processing of emotionally salient stimuli || || || [BrainRegionFCA_FD_TH_MD FCA.FD.TH.MD] || Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || cortex, BA 09,46 || Temporal Integration || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex || cortex, BA 10,11,12 || Personality || || [BrainAreaMMA MMA] || [BrainRegionHBA_FD_TH_RE HBA.FD.TH.RE] || Reuniens Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Gate information between OMPFC and HC dependent upon attentive/arousal states || || || [BrainRegionHBA_FD_TH_RH HBA.FD.TH.RH] || Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus || nucleus || Communication of information across memory delays to guide memory responses || || [BrainAreaACA ACA] || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PVI HTA.FD.HT.PVI] || Intermediate Periventrical Nucleus || nucleus || Rage Center || || [BrainAreaMCA MCA] || [BrainRegionMBA_MM_TG_LDT MBA.MM.TG.LDT] || Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus || nucleus || Modulating sustained attention or in mediating alerting responses || || [BrainAreaMMA MMA] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_INS_PPC PHA.NC.INS.PPC] || Peripaleocortical Claustral || cortex, BA 16 || Relays proprioception || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PAS PHA.NC.PAS] || Parasubiculum || cortex, BA 49 || Spatial navigation and the integration of head-directional information || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || Enthorhinal Cortex || cortex, BA 28 || Memory consolidation || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PPG PHA.NC.PH.PPG] || Ectorhinal Cortex || cortex, BA 36 || Spatial declarative memory || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PRR PHA.NC.PH.PRR] || Perirhinal Cortex || cortex, BA 35 || Associate different visual views of objects and their various nonvisual attributes || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_TFTH PHA.NC.PH.TFTH] || Posterior Parahippocampal Gyrus || cortex, BA 99 || Spatial declarative memory || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PRS PHA.NC.PRS] || Presubiculum || cortex, BA 27 || Path integration, head direction || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || Postsubiculum || cortex, BA 48 || Visual association || || [BrainAreaPCA PCA] || [BrainRegionVBA_FD_PV_MPV VBA.FD.PV.MPV] || Medial Pulvinar || nucleus || Integration of associative cortical information and projects to visuomotor-related cortex || || [BrainAreaMRA MRA] || [BrainRegionVBA_HM_NPH VBA.HM.NPH] || Prepositus Nucleus || nucleus || Integrate PPRF phasic signal to provide tonic signal of abducens || || [BrainAreaSAA SAA] || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPL_MST VCA.NC.IPL.MST] || Medial Superior Temporal Area || cortex, BA 39 || Image stabilization, predictive target tracking || || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_V2 VCA.NC.V2] || Secondary Visual Cortex || cortex, BA 18 || Storage of Object Recognition Memory || = Connections = (generated) http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/aHuman/CircuitMemoryProcessCortex.dot.jpg || *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Type* || *Reference* || || [BrainRegionACA_FD_TH_SG ACA.FD.TH.SG] || [BrainRegionMBA_MM_TG_LDT MBA.MM.TG.LDT] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (SUPGEN -> DTN)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_HB BFA.FD.HB] || [BrainRegionBGA_HP_PPN BGA.HP.PPN] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Habenula Habenula Connections (MHb -> IP)] || || || [BrainRegionMBA_MM_TG_LDT MBA.MM.TG.LDT] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (LHAB -> DTN)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_TH_PT BFA.FD.TH.PT] || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> PostCingulate, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> EC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionVBA_FD_PV_MPV VBA.FD.PV.MPV] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> mPULV, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_TH_PV BFA.FD.TH.PV] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> EC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PRR PHA.NC.PH.PRR] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> Perirhinal, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_AM BFA.FT.AM] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PAS PHA.NC.PAS] || nucleus-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0071402357/156721/figure350_1.html Principal Connections of Hippocampus (AM -> EC)] || || [BrainRegionBFA_FT_SEP BFA.FT.SEP] || [BrainRegionBGA_FD_TH_PF BGA.FD.TH.PF] || nucleus-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionHTA_FD_HT_PVI HTA.FD.HT.PVI] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.thebrainlabs.com Cingulate Gyrus (SEP -> HT, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionBGA_FD_TH_CM BGA.FD.TH.CM] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (CM -> EC)] || || [BrainRegionBGA_HP_PPN BGA.HP.PPN] || [BrainRegionMBA_MM_TG_LDT MBA.MM.TG.LDT] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (IPD -> DTN)] || || [BrainRegionBMA_HP_VB BMA.HP.VB] || [BrainRegionACA_FD_TH_SG ACA.FD.TH.SG] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (MVSN -> SUPGEN)] || || || [BrainRegionVBA_HM_NPH VBA.HM.NPH] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (MVSN -> NPRP)] || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_PCG CGA.NC.MPL.PCG] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n7 Feeling (AN -> CG)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (AD -> RSP)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (AD -> PSUB)] || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (LD -> RSP)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PRS PHA.NC.PRS] || nucleus-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (LD -> PSUB)] || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_PCG CGA.NC.MPL.PCG] || [BrainRegionFCA_FD_TH_MD FCA.FD.TH.MD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (PostCingulate -> MDmc, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (RSP -> AD)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (RSP -> LD)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_FD_TH_MD FCA.FD.TH.MD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (PostCingulate -> MDmc, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (RSP -> PSUB)] || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || [BrainRegionHBA_FD_TH_RE HBA.FD.TH.RE] || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionHBA_FD_TH_RH HBA.FD.TH.RH] || neocortex-nucleus || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionMBA_MM_TG_LDT MBA.MM.TG.LDT] || [BrainRegionACA_FD_TH_SG ACA.FD.TH.SG] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (DTN -> SUPGEN)] || || || [BrainRegionBGA_HP_PPN BGA.HP.PPN] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (DTN -> IPD)] || || || [BrainRegionVBA_HM_NPH VBA.HM.NPH] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (DTN -> NPRP)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_INS_PPC PHA.NC.INS.PPC] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PRS PHA.NC.PRS] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PAS PHA.NC.PAS] || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_ACC BGA.FT.ACC] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/nucleus-accumbens.jpg Nucleus Accumbens (PAS -> NACC)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Parasub -> AV)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Parasub -> LD)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || neocortex-neocortex || (unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || [BrainRegionBFA_FD_TH_PT BFA.FD.TH.PT] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> MID, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> AN)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> LD)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_FD_TH_MD FCA.FD.TH.MD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> MDmc)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PPG PHA.NC.PH.PPG] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PRHC -> EC)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PRR PHA.NC.PH.PRR] || [BrainRegionBGA_FT_ACC BGA.FT.ACC] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/nucleus-accumbens.jpg Nucleus Accumbens (PRR -> NACC)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_FD_TH_MD FCA.FD.TH.MD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Perirhinal -> MDmc)] || || || [BrainRegionVBA_FD_PV_MPV VBA.FD.PV.MPV] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Perirhinal -> mPULV)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_TFTH PHA.NC.PH.TFTH] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763411001722 Entorhinal Cortex Inputs and Outputs (TFTH -> EC)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PRS PHA.NC.PRS] || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Presub -> AV)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Presub -> LD)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion Attractor Network in Hippocampus (PRESUB -> EC)] || || || [BrainRegionVBA_FD_PV_MPV VBA.FD.PV.MPV] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (Presub -> mPULV)] || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_AN CGA.FD.TH.AN] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PSUB -> AD)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_FD_TH_LD CGA.FD.TH.LD] || neocortex-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PSUB -> LD)] || || || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_RSC CGA.NC.MPL.RSC] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PSUB -> RSP)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_ET PHA.NC.PH.ET] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PSUB -> EC)] || || [BrainRegionVBA_FD_PV_MPV VBA.FD.PV.MPV] || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_PCG CGA.NC.MPL.PCG] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (Pulvinar -> ParietalCortex, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_LPFC FCA.NC.LPFC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (mPULV -> DLPFC)] || || || [BrainRegionFCA_NC_OMPFC FCA.NC.OMPFC] || nucleus-neocortex || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (mPULV -> MPFC)] || || [BrainRegionVBA_HM_NPH VBA.HM.NPH] || [BrainRegionACA_FD_TH_SG ACA.FD.TH.SG] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (NPRP -> SUPGEN)] || || || [BrainRegionBMA_HP_VB BMA.HP.VB] || nucleus-nucleus || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (NPRP -> MVSN)] || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_IPL_MST VCA.NC.IPL.MST] || [BrainRegionCGA_NC_MPL_PCG CGA.NC.MPL.PCG] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763409002061 Contribution of hippocampal region CA3 to consciousness (IPL -> PosteriorCingulate, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PH_PPG PHA.NC.PH.PPG] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PC -> PRHC, abstract)] || || [BrainRegionVCA_NC_V2 VCA.NC.V2] || [BrainRegionPHA_NC_PSS PHA.NC.PSS] || neocortex-neocortex || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (VC -> PSUB, abstract)] ||