#summary Wernicke's area A4
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNSA] -> [BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4]
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This page covers biological details of component Wernicke's area A4.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> Temporal Lobe (NC.LOBE.TEMP) -> [BrainCenterNC_STG Superior Temporal Gyrus] (NC.STG) -> [BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4] (NSA.NC.STG.A4) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Type*: cortex
  * *Quality*: L0
  * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNSA Neocortical Brain - Sensory Aggregation Area] (NSA)
  * *Area circuit*: Neocortical Audition Aggregation (NAA)
  * *Brodmann ID*: 22
  * *Role*: cortex.generic
  * *Function*: Coordinate the activation or deactivation of grammar areas
  * *Notes to function*: 
   * 22b, Grammatical areas, phonemic sequences, word comprehension
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


  * no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NSA.NC.STG.A4.dot.png

*Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaNSA NSA] || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT NSA.NC.OCC.MT] || Middle Temporal Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811905008013 Category-Selectivity Paradigm (IOG -> STS, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 NSA.NC.TTG.A1] || Primary Auditory Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroanatomy/10.3389/fnana.2011.00034/full Vocal Control (A1 -> Wernike)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2 NSA.NC.TTG.A2] || Auditory Association Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (Belt42 -> AC22)] ||

*Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFMM FMM] || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_LEC FMM.NC.PH.LEC] || Lateral Entorhinal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainAreaNMA NMA] || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4 NMA.NC.PMC.F4] || Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Language-Related Regions (pSTC -> PMC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNPE NPE] || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_BRA_PT NPE.NC.BRA.PT] || Broca's Area Pars Triangularis || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Language-Related Regions (pSTC -> BA44, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW NPE.NC.IPL.SMW] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (AC22 -> IPL40, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNSA NSA] || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 NSA.NC.STG.A3] || Wernicke's area A3 || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (AC22 -> STS22)] ||

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1364661312002823-gr2.jpg Language-Related Regions] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Reference] (CM.LANGUAGE-RELATED-REGIONS)

 BA44=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 BA45=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 IFG=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 MTG21=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TEO Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO]
 PMC=[BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]
 STG22a=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]
 STG22b=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
 TC=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_TPC Temporopolar Cortex,NCP.NC.TPC]
 pSTC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
 vIFC=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_IPG Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1364661312002823-gr2.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/18691/fnhum-06-00184-HTML/image_m/fnhum-06-00184-g001.jpg Directed Effort Network] - see [http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full Reference] (CT.DIRECTED-EFFORT-NETWORK)

 AC22=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
 ACA=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2 Auditory Association Area,NSA.NC.TTG.A2]
 AM=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]
 DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
 Insula=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
 OPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex])
 PPC=[BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]
 dACC=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DACG Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.DACG]
 fPole=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_IPG Inferior Prefrontal Gyrus,NDM.NC.AL.IPG]
 tPole=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_TPC Temporopolar Cortex,NCP.NC.TPC]
 vACC=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG]
<img src="http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/18691/fnhum-06-00184-HTML/image_m/fnhum-06-00184-g001.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/images/nn.2331-F5.jpg Cortical Auditory System] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Reference] (CP.CORTICAL-AUDITORY-SYSTEM)

 AC22=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
 Belt42=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2 Auditory Association Area,NSA.NC.TTG.A2]
 Core41=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 IFC44=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 IFC45=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 IPL40=Supramarginal Gyrus,NC.IPL.SMG (see [BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule])
 PMC6=Ventral Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.VPMC (see [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex])
 PMC8=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF Anterior Frontal Eye Field,NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]
 STS22=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]
<img src="http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/images/nn.2331-F5.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/10053/fnana-05-00034-r1/image_m/fnana-05-00034-g002.jpg Vocal Control] - see [http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroanatomy/10.3389/fnana.2011.00034/full Reference] (CM.VOCAL-CONTROL)

 A1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 Broca=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 M2=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
 MotorV=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_TRM Trigeminal Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.TRM]
 MotorVII=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_FCM Facial Motor Nucleus,LPC.HT.FCM]
 NucleusAmbiguus=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_AMB Ambiguus Nucleus,LPC.HL.AMB]
 NucleusXII=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_HYG Hypoglossal Motor Nucleus,LPC.HL.HYG]
 Premotor24=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area,NDM.NC.AL.VACG]
 RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 Wernike=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
<img src="http://c431376.r76.cf2.rackcdn.com/10053/fnana-05-00034-r1/image_m/fnana-05-00034-g002.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">


= References =
(generated)

  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823
  * http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00184/full
  * http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html
  * http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroanatomy/10.3389/fnana.2011.00034/full