#summary Primary Visual Cortex
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNSA] -> [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1]
----

This page covers biological details of component Primary Visual Cortex.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe] (NC.LOBE.OCC) -> [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex] (NSA.NC.OCC.V1) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Type*: cortex
  * *Quality*: L0
  * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNSA Neocortical Brain - Sensory Aggregation Area] (NSA)
  * *Area circuit*: Vision Primary Perception (VIN)
  * *Brodmann ID*: 17
  * *Role*: cortex.sensory.primary
  * *Function*: Detect color, shape and movements
  * *Notes to function*: 
   * Striate Cortex, phyletic memory, not affected by attention
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


  * no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NSA.NC.OCC.V1.dot.png

*Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaLMC LMC] || [BrainRegionLMC_FT_NBM LMC.FT.NBM] || Basal Nucleus of Meynert || modulatory-ach || uncertain ||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainAreaNSA NSA] || [BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN NSA.FD.LGN] || Lateral Geniculate Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (LGN -> pLGN)] ||

*Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaLRC LRC] || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_SL LRC.MM.PT.SL] || Sublentiform Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
||  || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP LRC.MM.SC.SUP] || Superficial Superior Colliculus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (VisualCortex -> SCs, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC NCP.NC.MPL.RSC] || Retrosplenial Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811905008013 Category-Selectivity Paradigm (V1 -> RS)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNPE NPE] || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_OCC_V2PL NPE.NC.OCC.V2PL] || Secondary Visual Cortex, Pale Stripe || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (V1 -> VA, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNSA NSA] || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT NSA.NC.OCC.MT] || Middle Temporal Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_02/i_02_cr/i_02_cr_vis/i_02_cr_vis.html Paths from Retina to Parietal Cortex and IT (V1 -> MT)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V2TK NSA.NC.OCC.V2TK] || Secondary Visual Cortex, Thick Stripe || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (V1 -> VA, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V2TN NSA.NC.OCC.V2TN] || Secondary Visual Cortex, Thin Stripe || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (V1 -> VA, abstract)] ||

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053811905008013-gr5.jpg Category-Selectivity Paradigm] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811905008013 Reference] (CT.CATEGORY-SELECTIVITY)

 FFA=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 IOG=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
 PPA=Parahippocampal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PH
 RS=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC]
 STS=[BrainCenterNC_STG Superior Temporal Gyrus,NC.STG]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053811905008013-gr5.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_02/a_02_cr/a_02_cr_vis/a_02_cr_vis_3a.jpg Paths from Retina to Parietal Cortex and IT] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_02/i_02_cr/i_02_cr_vis/i_02_cr_vis.html Reference] (CP.PRIMARY-VISUAL-FORWARD-FLOWS)

 7a=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG]
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 LIP=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus,NPE.NC.IPS.LIP]
 MST=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST Medial Superior Temporal Area,NPE.NC.IPL.MST]
 MT=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
 PO=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_PO Parietooccipital Area,NSA.NC.OCC.PO]
 Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
 TE=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE]
 TEO=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TEO Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 VIP=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]
<img src="http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_02/a_02_cr/a_02_cr_vis/a_02_cr_vis_3a.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)

 ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 BGA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 OPN=[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]
 ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
 Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
 RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
 SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SNc=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]
 SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]
 SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn])
 Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg Cortico-Cortical Connectivity] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Reference] (CL.CORTICO-CORTICAL-CONNECTIVITY)

 A1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 AA=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]
 M1=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 MA=[BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]
 PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 PTHA=[BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 SA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA Somatosensory Association Cortex,NCP.NC.SPL.SA]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 VA=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.ib.cnea.gov.ar/~redneu/2013/BOOKS/Principles%20of%20Neural%20Science%20-%20Kandel/gateway.ut.ovid.com/fulltextservice/ct%7B06b9ee1beed594190674f1983457a7dd32af6a0d5a4c9892~34/da5c28ff2.gif.png Similarities and differences between V6, V6Av, and V6Ad] - see [http://www.ib.cnea.gov.ar/~redneu/2013/BOOKS/Principles%20of%20Neural%20Science%20-%20Kandel/gateway.ut.ovid.com/gw2/ovidweb.cgisidnjhkoalgmeho00dbookimagebookdb_7c_2fc~34.htm Reference] (CP.VISUAL-PERCEPTION-V1)

 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
<img src="http://www.ib.cnea.gov.ar/~redneu/2013/BOOKS/Principles%20of%20Neural%20Science%20-%20Kandel/gateway.ut.ovid.com/fulltextservice/ct%7B06b9ee1beed594190674f1983457a7dd32af6a0d5a4c9892~34/da5c28ff2.gif.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/f/f2/ITCortex_pathway.jpg/400px-ITCortex_pathway.jpg Visual Path to Hippocampus] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Inferior_temporal_cortex Reference] (CP.VISUAL-PATH-TO-HC)

 A=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]
 ER=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex])
 H=[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF]
 IT=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE]
 PRPH=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER]
 TEO=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TEO Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
<img src="http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/f/f2/ITCortex_pathway.jpg/400px-ITCortex_pathway.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0166223697010679-gr6.gif Parietal Association Cortex] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166223697010679 Reference] (CP.VISUAL-PARIETAL-ASSOCIATION-CORTEX)

 7a=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG]
 7b=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PF Rostral Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PF]
 AIP=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]
 LGB=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 LIP=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus,NPE.NC.IPS.LIP]
 TE=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE]
 TEO=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TEO Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3A=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3d=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3v=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V5=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
 V5A=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
 V6=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_PO Parietooccipital Area,NSA.NC.OCC.PO]
 VIP=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]
 cIPS=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see [BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus])
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0166223697010679-gr6.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_02/a_02_cr/a_02_cr_vis/a_02_cr_vis_3b.jpg Functional View of Visual Perception] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_02/i_02_cr/i_02_cr_vis/i_02_cr_vis.html Reference] (CP.VISUAL-FUNCTIONAL-VIEW)

 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 PG=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS]
 TE=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V5=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
<img src="http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_02/a_02_cr/a_02_cr_vis/a_02_cr_vis_3b.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nri/2012/719056.fig.001.jpg Visual Dorsal Pathway] - see [http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nri/2012/719056 Reference] (CP.VISUAL-DORSAL-PATHWAY)

 IPL=[BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]
 IT=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 MST=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST Medial Superior Temporal Area,NPE.NC.IPL.MST]
 Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
 SPL=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V3=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 V5=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_MT Middle Temporal Area,NSA.NC.OCC.MT]
 V6=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_PO Parietooccipital Area,NSA.NC.OCC.PO]
<img src="http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nri/2012/719056.fig.001.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0006899301025987-gr1.gif Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit movements] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899301025987 Reference] (CP.VISION-SACCADES)

 Bechterew=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus,LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]
 CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 FEFSEF=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 LGB=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation])
 PrimaryVisual=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 RIP=[BrainRegionLRC_MM_RP_RIP Raphe Interpositus Nucleus,LRC.MM.RP.RIP]
 SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 Vestibular=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_SVBN Superior Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.SVBN]
 VisualAssociation=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0006899301025987-gr1.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg Saccades and smooth movements] (unknown reference) (CP.SACCADIC-VOLUNTARY-AND-PURSUIT)

 CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 DLPN=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HT.PRF.RPO]
 Extrastriate=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex])
 PPC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see [BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus])
 PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation])
 SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 Striate=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 TEF=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 VGC=[BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ Cajal Nucleus,LRC.MM.CJ]
 Vestibular=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_LVBN Lateral Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.LVBN]
<img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference] (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)

 A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 CM=[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM]
 LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD]
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 LP=[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP]
 MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 MGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]
 P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
 VA=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]
 VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
 VPL=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]
 VPM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]
 pA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]
 pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area])
 pLGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 pLP=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 pMGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 pP=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
 pVA=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
 pVL=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 pVPL=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 pVPM=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC]
 s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
 s1MD=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]
 s1P=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]
 s1VL=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
 s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus])
 s2MD=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PIR Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR]
 s2P=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]
 s2VL=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 sLD=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 sVA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see [BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH Posterior/Dorsal Horn])
 sVPM=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL]
<img src="http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400 width=400>


= References =
(generated)

  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811905008013
  * http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_02/i_02_cr/i_02_cr_vis/i_02_cr_vis.html
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080
  * http://www.ib.cnea.gov.ar/~redneu/2013/BOOKS/Principles%20of%20Neural%20Science%20-%20Kandel/gateway.ut.ovid.com/gw2/ovidweb.cgisidnjhkoalgmeho00dbookimagebookdb_7c_2fc~34.htm
  * http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Inferior_temporal_cortex
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166223697010679
  * http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nri/2012/719056
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899301025987
  * http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/