#summary Broca's Area Pars Opercularis
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNPE] -> [BrainRegionNPE_NC_BRA_PO]
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This page covers biological details of component Broca's Area Pars Opercularis.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.PFC) -> [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.LPFC) -> Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.VLPFC) -> Broca's Area (NPE.NC.PFC.BRA) -> [BrainRegionNPE_NC_BRA_PO Broca's Area Pars Opercularis] (NPE.NC.BRA.PO) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Type*: cortex
  * *Quality*: L0
  * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNPE Neocortical Brain - Unimodal Execution Area] (NPE)
  * *Area circuit*: Execution by Auditory Inputs (AES)
  * *Brodmann ID*: 44
  * *Role*: cortex.generic
  * *Function*: Speech Engine
  * *Notes to function*: 
   * Orbital Inferior Frontal Gyrus
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


  * no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NPE.NC.BRA.PO.dot.png

*Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_TPC NCP.NC.TPC] || Temporopolar Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364661312002823 Language-Related Regions (TC -> BA45, abstract)] ||

*Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaLLC LLC] || [BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG] || Pontine Reticulotegmental Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaLRC LRC] || [BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO LRC.HT.PRF.RPO] || Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNPE NPE] || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Cortical Auditory System (IFC44 -> PMC8, abstract)] ||

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

  * [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/images/nn.2331-F5.jpg Cortical Auditory System] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html Reference] (CP.CORTICAL-AUDITORY-SYSTEM)

 AC22=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A4 Wernicke's area A4,NSA.NC.STG.A4]
 Belt42=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A2 Auditory Association Area,NSA.NC.TTG.A2]
 Core41=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 IFC44=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 IFC45=Broca's Area,NPE.NC.PFC.BRA (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 IPL40=Supramarginal Gyrus,NC.IPL.SMG (see [BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule])
 PMC6=Ventral Premotor Cortex,MCA.NC.VPMC (see [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex])
 PMC8=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF Anterior Frontal Eye Field,NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]
 STS22=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]
<img src="http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/images/nn.2331-F5.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://dev.epubbud.com/uploads/9/2/6/9263981/images/Medical_Physiology_A_Systems_Approach__1e_2011_pdf/index-187_1.jpg Motor neurons control] - see [http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Reference] (CM.CR-MN)

 CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 EAMN=[BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]
 EGMN=[BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]
 FAMN=[BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]
 FG=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FG Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG]
 IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 LT=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
 MRF=[BrainCenterHL_RF Medullary Reticular Formation,HL.RF]
 PRF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 RD=[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]
 VB=[BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN]
<img src="http://dev.epubbud.com/uploads/9/2/6/9263981/images/Medical_Physiology_A_Systems_Approach__1e_2011_pdf/index-187_1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">


= References =
(generated)

  * http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v12/n6/fig_tab/nn.2331_F5.html
  * http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/