#summary Ventral Lateral Nucleus
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNMA] -> [BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL]
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This page covers biological details of component Ventral Lateral Nucleus.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
* *Top-down path to region*: Forebrain Diencephalon -> Thalamus (FD.TH) -> [BrainCenterFD_TH_MR Motor Thalamus] (FD.TH.MR) -> Ventral Thalamus (FD.TH.VTH) -> [BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus] (NMA.FD.TH.VL) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
* *Type*: nucleus
* *Quality*: L0
* *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNMA Neocortical Brain - Motor Aggregation Area] (NMA)
* *Area circuit*: Flexor Motor (FLM)
* *Role*: thalamic.cortex.reinforce
* *Function*: Relay BSA.CR to MCA.MC
* *Notes to function*:
* Executive motor
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)
*Component items*:
* *Nucleus X*
* *Caudal Part of Ventral Lateral Nucleus*
* *Medial Part of Ventral Lateral Nucleus* (*MCA.FD.TH.VLO*)
* *Oral Part of Ventral Lateral Nucleus*
* *Pars Postrema of Ventral Lateral Nucleus*
= Connectivity =
(generated)
http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NMA.FD.TH.VL.dot.png
*Inbound Region Connections:*
|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_GPI_LT FEC.FT.GPI.LT] || Globus Pallidus Internal Lateral || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain ||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s2VL -> VL, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaLLC LLC] || [BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN LLC.HT.CR.DN] || Dentate Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s1VL -> VL)] ||
*Outbound Region Connections:*
|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaNMA NMA] || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC] || Motor Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (VL -> pVL)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> PMC, abstract)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6 NMA.NC.SMC.F6] || Pre-Supplementary Motor Area || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (VLo -> SMC, abstract)] ||
= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)
* [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg Basal Ganglia Activity] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Reference] (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
M1=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
PMC=[BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]
PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
SMC=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area])
VLo=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
* [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference] (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)
A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
CM=[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM]
LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD]
LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
LP=[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP]
MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
MGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]
P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
VA=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]
VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
VPL=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]
VPM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]
pA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]
pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area])
pLGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
pLP=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
pMGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
pP=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
pVA=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
pVL=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
pVPL=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
pVPM=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC]
s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
s1MD=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]
s1P=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]
s1VL=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus])
s2MD=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PIR Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR]
s2P=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]
s2VL=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
sLD=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
sVA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see [BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH Posterior/Dorsal Horn])
sVPM=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL]
* [http://www.mdvu.org/images/par_path2.jpg Normal Functional Anatomy of Basal Ganglia] - see [http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp Reference] (CM.NORMAL-BG-ANATOMY)
GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
SNc=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]
SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area])
VA=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]
VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
* [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblconn.gif Cerebellum functional divisions] - see [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Reference] (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)
CCV=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]
CRP=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC]
CRS=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV]
CRV=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM]
CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
DN=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
FG=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FG Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG]
IO=[BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO]
IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
LT=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
PNN=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN]
RD=[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]
RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
SCM=[BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]
SCS=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]
SCSD=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL]
VB=[BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN]
VBG=[BrainCenterLPC_PN_SG_VB Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB]
VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
= References =
(generated)
* http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html
* http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/
* http://www.mdvu.org/library/disease/pd/par_path.asp
* http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm