#summary Lateral Frontopolar Cortex @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNDM] -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_FPC] ---- This page covers biological details of component Lateral Frontopolar Cortex. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> Anterior Lobe (NC.LOBE.ANT) -> Prefrontal Cortex (NC.AL.PFC) -> [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.OMPFC) -> Orbitofrontal Cortex (NC.AL.OPFC) -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_FPC Lateral Frontopolar Cortex] (NDM.NC.AL.FPC) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps]) * *Type*: cortex * *Quality*: L0 * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNDM Neocortical Brain - Decision Making Area] (NDM) * *Area circuit*: High-Level Control (HLC) * *Brodmann ID*: 10 * *Role*: cortex.generic * *Function*: Emotion Regulation * *Notes to function*: * Frontopolar area, contains ILC - infralimbic cortex (generated) = Components = (generated) * no child items defined = Connectivity = (generated) http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NDM.NC.AL.FPC.dot.png *Inbound Region Connections:* || *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaLMC LMC] || [BrainRegionLMC_FT_NBM LMC.FT.NBM] || Basal Nucleus of Meynert || modulatory-ach || uncertain ||[http://www.intechopen.com/books/computational-intelligence-in-electromyography-analysis-a-perspective-on-current-applications-and-future-challenges/sphincter-emg-for-diagnosing-multiple-system-atrophy-and-related-disorders Physiology and pathophysiology of lower urinary tract (NBM -> MPFC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA] || Ventral Tegmental Area || modulatory-da || uncertain ||[http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Amygdala and its network (VTA -> MPFC, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PPC NCP.NC.INS.PPC] || Peripaleocortical Claustral || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (INS -> MPFC, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaNDM NDM] || [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM NDM.FD.TH.MDM] || Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Amygdala and its network (MD -> MPFC, abstract)] || *Outbound Region Connections:* || *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaFAM FAM] || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BM FAM.FT.AM.BM] || Magnocellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v6/n8/fig_tab/nrendo.2010.93_F1.html Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity (OFC -> AMY, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP FAM.FT.AM.BP] || Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Amygdala and its network (MPFC -> BLN, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SH FAM.FT.SEP.SH] || Septohippocampal Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) || || [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_ACC_CORE FEC.FT.ACC.CORE] || Nucleus Accumbens Core || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.expertsmind.com/topic/emotion/affective-basal-ganglia-circuit-93570.aspx Affective basal ganglia circuit (OMPFC -> NACC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED FEC.FT.SNR.MED] || Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (FrontalCortex -> BGA, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaLAC LAC] || [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_RCH LAC.FD.HT.RCH] || Retrochiasmatic Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (OPFC -> HT, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaNDM NDM] || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR] || Rostral Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (OPFC -> LPFC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG NDM.NC.AL.VACG] || Ventral Anterior Cingulate Area || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html Role for serotonin in moral behavior (OMPFC -> ACG, abstract)] || = Thirdparty Circuits = (generated) * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM) ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) BGA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG] FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN] OPN=[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN] ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus]) RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF] Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT] SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]) SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]) SNc=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT] SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL] SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn]) Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC] unavailable * [http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v6/n8/images/nrendo.2010.93-f1.jpg Bowels control brain: gut hormones and obesity] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v6/n8/fig_tab/nrendo.2010.93_F1.html Reference] (CP.BOWELS) AMY=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM] ARC=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_AR Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus,LAC.FD.HT.AR] DS=Dorsal Striatum,FEC.FT.DST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) LHA=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN] ME=[BrainRegionTARGET_TEA_ENDOCRINE Endocrine Glands,TARGET.TEA.ENDOCRINE] NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) NTS=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL] OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) PBN=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PRF_PB Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB] PVN=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_PV Paraventricular Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.PV] VMN=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VM Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VM] VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference] (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS) A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) CM=[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM] LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD] LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN] LP=[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP] MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB] P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus]) VA=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA] VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL] VPL=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL] VPM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM] pA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG] pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area]) pLGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1] pLP=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL] pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC pMGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1] pP=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS] pVA=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC] pVL=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC] pVPL=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1] pVPM=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC] s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) s1MD=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP] s1P=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV] s1VL=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN] s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus]) s2MD=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PIR Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR] s2P=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR] s2VL=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG] s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) sLD=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL] sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon]) sVA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG] sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see [BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH Posterior/Dorsal Horn]) sVPM=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL] unavailable * [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/emotional_top.jpg Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior] - see [https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Reference] (CF.PFC-EMOTIONS) ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area]) AM=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM] HCA=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) HT=[BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus,FD.HT] LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]) OPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) PCA=[BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule,NC.MPL] PN=Pontine Nuclear Complex,HT.PN (see [BrainCenterHT_SN Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei]) TH=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) unavailable * [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.medium.gif Role for serotonin in moral behavior] - see [http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html Reference] (CF.EMOTIONAL-MODULATION) ACG=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area]) AMY=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM] HYP=[BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus,FD.HT] LPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]) OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) unavailable * [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/images/8-Urges9proof.jpg Craving] - see [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Reference] (CF.CRAVING) NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial,FEC.FT.SNR.MED] VPAL=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://sni.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/3520/SNI-3-40-g001.png Amygdala and its network] - see [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Reference] (CF.AM-NET) BLN=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BP] CEA=Central Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM.CEA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) HTS=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN] ITC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE] LA=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) LHB=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula]) MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MPFC=[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OMPFC] NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG] RMTG=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG] STC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3] VGDM=[BrainRegionLAC_HL_VGN Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN] VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/250_Affective%20basal%20ganglia%20circuit.png Affective basal ganglia circuit] - see [http://www.expertsmind.com/topic/emotion/affective-basal-ganglia-circuit-93570.aspx Reference] (CF.AFFECTIVE-BG) NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) nBM=[BrainRegionLMC_FT_NBM Basal Nucleus of Meynert,LMC.FT.NBM] unavailable = References = (generated) * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 * http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v6/n8/fig_tab/nrendo.2010.93_F1.html * http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ * https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 * http://www.pnas.org/content/107/40/17071/F1.expansion.html * http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html * http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin * http://www.expertsmind.com/topic/emotion/affective-basal-ganglia-circuit-93570.aspx