#summary Primary Somatosensory Cortex
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaNCP] -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1]
----

This page covers biological details of component Primary Somatosensory Cortex.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> Parietal Lobe (NC.LOBE.PAR) -> Postcentral Gyrus (NC.PG) -> [BrainCenterNC_PG_APC Anterior Parietal Cortex] (NC.PG.APC) -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex] (NCP.NC.PG.S1) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Type*: cortex
  * *Quality*: L0
  * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaNCP Neocortical Brain - Conscious Personality Area] (NCP)
  * *Area circuit*: Neocortical Somatic Aggregation (SOM)
  * *Brodmann ID*: 01,02,03
  * *Role*: cortex.sensory.primary
  * *Function*: Muscle and skin receptors
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


  * no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/NCP.NC.PG.S1.dot.png

*Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL NCP.FD.TH.VPL] || Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/C0079780323045827.htm Pain matrix (TH.VPL -> S1)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM NCP.FD.TH.VPM] || Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/C0079780323045827.htm Pain matrix (TH.VPM -> S1)] ||

*Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_PU_LT FEC.FT.PU.LT] || Dorsal Putamen Lateral || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Basal Ganglia Activity (S1 -> PU, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaLRC LRC] || [BrainRegionLRC_HL_TGS_PA5 LRC.HL.TGS.PA5] || Paratrigeminal Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_PV NCP.NC.PG.PV] || Parietal Ventral Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
||  || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2 NCP.NC.PG.S2] || Secondary Somatosensory Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html Afferent pain pathways (S1 -> S2)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA NCP.NC.SPL.SA] || Somatosensory Association Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> SA)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNMA NMA] || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC NMA.NC.MC] || Motor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> M1)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2 NMA.NC.PMC.F2] || Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 NMA.NC.PMC.F5] || Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Primate Control of Grasping (S2 -> F5)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNPE NPE] || [BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_OPV NPE.FD.TH.OPV] || Oral Pulvinar || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
||  || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_SMW NPE.NC.IPL.SMW] || Supramarginal Wernike Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Cortico-Cortical Connectivity (S1 -> PTHA, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG NPE.NC.SPL.PG] || Caudal Precuneus || feedforward-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html McNaughton Spatial Processing Network (SomSensCortex -> PosteriorParietalCortex)] ||

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

  * [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/images/nrn726-f3.jpg McNaughton Spatial Processing Network] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html Reference] (CP.VISUAL-SPATIAL-PROCESSING)

 EnthCortex=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex])
 HF=[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF]
 ITCortex=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 PCGRSP=[BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule,NC.MPL]
 ParInsVestCortex=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]
 PosteriorParietalCortex=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG]
 SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
 SomSensCortex=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
<img src="http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/images/nrn726-f3.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)

 ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 BGA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 OPN=[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]
 ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
 Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
 RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
 SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SNc=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]
 SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]
 SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn])
 Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0893608098000471-gr6.gif Primate Control of Grasping] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471 Reference] (CM.GRASPING-CONTROL)

 46=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex])
 AIP=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_AIP Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.AIP]
 BG=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 BTH=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]
 F1=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 F2=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F2 Dorsal Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F2]
 F4=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F4 Ventral Caudal Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F4]
 F5=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_PMC_F5 Ventral Rostral Premotor Cortex,NMA.NC.PMC.F5]
 F6=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_SMC_F6 Pre-Supplementary Motor Area,NMA.NC.SMC.F6]
 IT=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 PIP=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see [BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus])
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 S2=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 VC=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
 VIP=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0893608098000471-gr6.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg Basal Ganglia Activity] - see [http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html Reference] (CM.BASAL-GANGLIA-ACTIVITY)

 GPi=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 GPo=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 M1=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 PMC=[BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]
 PU=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 SMC=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
 SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area])
 VLo=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
<img src="http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou_2b.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg Cortico-Cortical Connectivity] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080 Reference] (CL.CORTICO-CORTICAL-CONNECTIVITY)

 A1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 AA=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3]
 M1=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 MA=[BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex,NC.PMC]
 PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 PTHA=[BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule,NC.IPL]
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 SA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA Somatosensory Association Cortex,NCP.NC.SPL.SA]
 V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 VA=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1053810011000080-gr3.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/images/nrn3516-f2.jpg Afferent pain pathways] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html Reference] (CF.PAIN-PATH)

 ACC=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area])
 AMY=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]
 BG=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 Cerebellum=[BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex,LLC.HT.CRC]
 Insula=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
 PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]
 PB=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PRF_PB Parabrachial Nucleus,LPC.HT.PRF.PB]
 PFC=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 S2=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S2 Secondary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S2]
 SC=[BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH Posterior/Dorsal Horn,BMA.SC.PH]
 Thalamus=[BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus,FD.TH.SR]
<img src="http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/images/nrn3516-f2.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.biopsychology.com/6e/step/08/0801-1.jpg Somatic Senses] - see [http://www.biopsychology.com/6e/step0801.html Reference] (CM.SOMATIC-SENSES)

 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
<img src="http://www.biopsychology.com/6e/step/08/0801-1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/b/bf/PrimateS1cortexfigure1.jpg/400px-PrimateS1cortexfigure1.jpg Owl Monkey Somatic Area] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/User:Tony_J._Prescott/Proposed/Primate_S1_cortex Reference] (CM.OWL-MONKEY)

 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
<img src="http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/b/bf/PrimateS1cortexfigure1.jpg/400px-PrimateS1cortexfigure1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://brainmind.com/images/homunculus.jpg Homunculus S1 and M1] - see [http://brainmind.com/BasalGanglia.html Reference] (CM.HOMUNCULUS)

 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
<img src="http://brainmind.com/images/homunculus.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg Thalamocortical relationships] - see [http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Reference] (CL.THALAMUS-PROJECTIONS)

 A=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 CM=[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM]
 LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD]
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 LP=[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP Lateral Posterior Nucleus of Thalamus,NPE.FD.TH.LP]
 MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 MGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB Medial Geniculate Body,NSA.FD.TH.MGB]
 P=Ventral Posterior Nuclei,NSA.FD.TH.VP (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
 VA=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VA Ventral Anterior Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VA]
 VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
 VPL=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]
 VPM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]
 pA=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]
 pCM=Dorsal Putamen,FEC.FT.DPU (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 pLD=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area])
 pLGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 pLP=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 pMD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 pMGN=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 Primary Auditory Cortex,NSA.NC.TTG.A1]
 pP=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
 pVA=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
 pVL=[BrainRegionNMA_NC_MC Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.MC]
 pVPL=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 pVPM=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PO_PCC Precentral Cortex,NCP.NC.PO.PCC]
 s1A=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
 s1MD=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP]
 s1P=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]
 s1VL=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
 s2A=Mammillary Body,FD.MB (see [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus])
 s2MD=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_PH_PIR Piriform Cortex,NSA.NC.PH.PIR]
 s2P=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_PTR Principal Trigeminal Nucleus,LPC.HT.PN.PTR]
 s2VL=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 s3MD=Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.PFC
 sCM=Globus Pallidus Internal,FEC.FT.GPI (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 sLD=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 sLP=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 sVA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 sVPL=Marginal Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.MG (see [BrainCenterBMA_SC_PH Posterior/Dorsal Horn])
 sVPM=[BrainRegionLPC_HL_SOL Solitary Nucleus,LPC.HL.SOL]
<img src="http://what-when-how.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/tmp3649_thumb1_thumb.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;" height=400 width=400>

  * [http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/common/M9780323045827-007-f005.jpg Pain matrix] - see [http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/C0079780323045827.htm Reference] (CF.SOMATOSENSORY-THALAMUS)

 INS=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_PIC Posterior Insular Cortex,NCP.NC.INS.PIC]
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 TH.VPI=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPI Ventral Posteroinferior Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPI]
 TH.VPL=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPL Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPL]
 TH.VPM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_VPM Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.VPM]
<img src="http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/common/M9780323045827-007-f005.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://www.springerimages.com/img/Images/Springer/JOU=10194/VOL=2006.7/ISU=4/ART=2006_307/MediaObjects/MEDIUM_10194_2006_Article_307_Fig1.jpg Pain matrix] - see [http://www.springerimages.com/Images/MedicineAndPublicHealth/1-10.1007_s10194-006-0307-1-0 Reference] (CF.PAIN-MATRIX)

 ACC=Anterior Cingulate Cortex,NC.AL.ACG (see [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area])
 AM=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM]
 INS=[BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex,NC.INS]
 PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG]
 PFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex])
 PPC=[BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule,NC.SPL]
 S1=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1]
 SMA=[BrainCenterNMA_NC_SMC Supplementary Motor Cortex,NMA.NC.SMC]
 TH=Thalamus,FD.TH
<img src="http://www.springerimages.com/img/Images/Springer/JOU=10194/VOL=2006.7/ISU=4/ART=2006_307/MediaObjects/MEDIUM_10194_2006_Article_307_Fig1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">


= References =
(generated)

  * http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0893608098000471
  * http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_06/a_06_cr/a_06_cr_mou/a_06_cr_mou.html
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810011000080
  * http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n7/fig_tab/nrn3516_F2.html
  * http://www.biopsychology.com/6e/step0801.html
  * http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/User:Tony_J._Prescott/Proposed/Primate_S1_cortex
  * http://brainmind.com/BasalGanglia.html
  * http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/
  * http://users.atw.hu/blp6/BLP6/HTML/C0079780323045827.htm
  * http://www.springerimages.com/Images/MedicineAndPublicHealth/1-10.1007_s10194-006-0307-1-0