#summary Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaLRC] -> [BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO]
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This page covers biological details of component Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to region*: Hindbrain Metencephalon -> [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation] (HT.RF) -> Pontine Reticular Formation, Medial Column (HT.RF.MED) -> Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation (HT.PRF.PPRF) -> [BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus] (LRC.HT.PRF.RPO) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Type*: nucleus
  * *Quality*: L0
  * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaLRC Lower Brain - Motor Reflex Area] (LRC)
  * *Area circuit*: Postural Control Reflexes (LRP)
  * *Role*: subcortical.motor.flexor
  * *Function*: Mediation of changing to and from REM sleep
  * *Notes to function*: 
   * Part of horizontal gaze center, projects to spinal cord and abducens
   *  excites spinal extensors, inhibit flexors
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


  * no child items defined

= Connectivity =
(generated)


http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/LRC.HT.PRF.RPO.dot.png

*Inbound Region Connections:*

|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaLRC LRC] || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_RP_RIP LRC.MM.RP.RIP] || Raphe Interpositus Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899301025987 Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit movements (RIP -> PPRF, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP LRC.MM.SC.DEEP] || Deep Superior Colliculus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.cixip.com/index.php/page/content/id/1190 Summary of eye movement control (SC -> PPRF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNPE NPE] || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_BRA_PO NPE.NC.BRA.PO] || Broca's Area Pars Opercularis || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF] || Anterior Frontal Eye Field || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://openagrosrl.com/www/page/292/ Motor neurons control (CTX -> PRF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNSA NSA] || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE NSA.NC.IT.TE] || Inferotemporal Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg Saccades and smooth movements (TEF -> DLPN, abstract)] ||

*Outbound Region Connections:*

|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFAM FAM] || [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI] || Incertus Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainAreaLLC LLC] || [BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC LLC.HT.CR.CC] || Cerebellar Lateral Lobe || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg Saccades and smooth movements (DLPN -> CR, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaLPC LPC] || [BrainRegionLPC_HT_ABD LPC.HT.ABD] || Abducens Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/13VNAN.html Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (PPRF -> Abducens, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionLPC_HT_IVBN LPC.HT.IVBN] || Inferior Vestibular Nuclei || excitatory-glu || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
||  || [BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN LPC.MM.OCN] || Oculomotor Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (RF -> OPN, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_SAN LPC.SC.VH.SAN] || Spinal Accessory Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_VL LPC.SC.VH.VL] || Ventrolateral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract)] ||
||  || [BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_VM LPC.SC.VH.VM] || Ventromedial Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Cerebellum functional divisions (RF -> SCM, abstract)] ||

= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)

  * [http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/Images/13R.jpg Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)] - see [http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/13VNAN.html Reference] (CP.VESTIBULO-OCULAR-REFLEX)

 Abducens=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_ABD Abducens Nucleus,LPC.HT.ABD]
 FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex])
 Oculomotor=[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]
 PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation])
 VestibularGanglion=[BrainCenterLPC_PN_SG_VB Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB]
 VestibularNuclei=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_IVBN Inferior Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.IVBN]
<img src="http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/Images/13R.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg Saccades and smooth movements] (unknown reference) (CP.SACCADIC-VOLUNTARY-AND-PURSUIT)

 CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 DLPN=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO Oral Pontine Reticular Nucleus,LRC.HT.PRF.RPO]
 Extrastriate=Associative Visual Cortex,NPE.NC.OCC.V3 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe])
 FEF=Frontal Eye Field,NMA.NC.PMC.FEF (see [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex])
 PPC=Posterior Eye Field,NPE.NC.IPS.PEF (see [BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus])
 PPRF=Paramedian Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.PRF.PPRF (see [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation])
 SC=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SN=Substantia Nigra,FEC.FT.SN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 Striate=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1]
 TEF=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT]
 VGC=[BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ Cajal Nucleus,LRC.MM.CJ]
 Vestibular=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_LVBN Lateral Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.LVBN]
<img src="http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/saccades.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg Global visual system] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Reference] (CP.GLOBAL-VISUAL-SYSTEM)

 ATH=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus])
 BGA=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
 FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
 OPN=[BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN Oculomotor Nucleus,LPC.MM.OCN]
 ParietalCortex=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR
 Pulvinar=Pulvinar,FD.PV (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus])
 RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
 SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
 SNc=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Lateral,FEC.FT.SNC.LT]
 SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]
 SpinalCord=Lamina IX,SC.VH.L9 (see [BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn])
 Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
 VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
<img src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959438808001566-gr1.jpg" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

  * [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblconn.gif Cerebellum functional divisions] - see [http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm Reference] (CM.CR-DECUSSATION)

 CCV=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV Central Cervical Nucleus,LPC.SC.IZ.CCV]
 CRP=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_CC Cerebellar Lateral Lobe,LLC.HT.CR.CC]
 CRS=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_PV Cerebellar Paravermis,LLC.HT.CR.PV]
 CRV=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_VM Cerebellar Vermis,LRC.HT.CR.VM]
 CTX=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
 DN=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
 FG=[BrainRegionLRC_HT_CR_FG Fastigual Nucleus,LRC.HT.CR.FG]
 IO=[BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO Inferior Olivary Nucleus,LLC.HL.IO]
 IP=Interposed Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.IP (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
 LT=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_DN Dentate Nucleus,LLC.HT.CR.DN]
 PNN=[BrainRegionLLC_HT_BPN Basilar Pontine Nuclei,LLC.HT.BPN]
 RD=[BrainCenterLLC_MM_RD Red Nucleus,LLC.MM.RD]
 RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
 SCM=[BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn,SC.VH]
 SCS=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_NP Proprius Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.NP]
 SCSD=[BrainRegionLPC_SC_PH_CL Clarke Nucleus,LPC.SC.PH.CL]
 VB=[BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN Vestibular Nuclei,LPC.HT.VBN]
 VBG=[BrainCenterLPC_PN_SG_VB Vestibular Ganglion,LPC.PN.SG.VB]
 VL=[BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_VL Ventral Lateral Nucleus,NMA.FD.TH.VL]
<img src="http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblconn.gif" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">


= References =
(generated)

  * http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/13VNAN.html
  * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566
  * http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/cblm.htm