#summary Medial Entorhinal Cortex @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaFMM] -> [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_MEC] ---- This page covers biological details of component Medial Entorhinal Cortex. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. * *Top-down path to region*: Cerebral Cortex -> Parahippocampal Lobe (NC.LOBE.PH) -> Anterior Parahippocampal Gyrus (FMM.NC.PHA) -> [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex] (NC.PHA.RH) -> Entorhinal Cortex (FMM.NC.PH.ET) -> [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_MEC Medial Entorhinal Cortex] (FMM.NC.PH.MEC) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps]) * *Type*: cortex * *Quality*: L0 * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaFMM Forebrain - Memory Management Area] (FMM) * *Area circuit*: Spatial Sensory Input to Hippocampus (MMASENSS) * *Brodmann ID*: 28 * *Role*: processor.memory.complex * *Function*: Memory consolidation, basic, view independent position * *Notes to function*: * spatial input to HC * grid cells * path integration computations based on a global frame of reference, primarily using internally generated, self-motion cues and external input about environmental boundaries and scenes * provides hippocampus with coordinate system that underlies spatial context of experience (generated) = Components = (generated) * no child items defined = Connectivity = (generated) http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/FMM.NC.PH.MEC.dot.png *Inbound Region Connections:* || *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaFMM FMM] || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBD FMM.FT.HF.SUBD] || Distal Subiculum || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion Attractor Network in Hippocampus (SUB -> EC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PAS FMM.NC.PH.PAS] || Parasubiculum || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||(unknown reference) || || || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POR FMM.NC.PH.POR] || Postrhinal Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763411001722 Entorhinal Cortex Inputs and Outputs (TFTH -> EC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS FMM.NC.PH.POS] || Postsubiculum || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (PSUB -> EC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PRS FMM.NC.PH.PRS] || Presubiculum || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion Attractor Network in Hippocampus (PRESUB -> EC, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG] || Posterior Cingulate Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html McNaughton Spatial Processing Network (PCGRSP -> EnthCortex, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC NCP.NC.MPL.RSC] || Retrosplenial Cortex || feedforward-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html McNaughton Spatial Processing Network (PCGRSP -> EnthCortex, abstract)] || *Outbound Region Connections:* || *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaFMM FMM] || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB FMM.FD.MB.MMB] || Medial Mammillary Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F2.html Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one (MedialEC -> MMB, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV FMM.FD.TH.AV] || Anteroventral Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> AN, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD FMM.FD.TH.LD] || Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> LD, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1P FMM.FT.HC.CA1P] || Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Neuronal projections in the hippocampus (ET -> CA1, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA2 FMM.FT.HC.CA2] || Dorsolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Amygdala and its network (EC -> HC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA3D FMM.FT.HC.CA3D] || Distal CA3 of Hippocampus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Neuronal projections in the hippocampus (ET -> CA3, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG FMM.FT.HC.DG] || Dentate Gyrus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Neuronal projections in the hippocampus (ET -> DG, abstract)] || = Thirdparty Circuits = (generated) * [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.large.jpg Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory] - see [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Reference] (CT.RECOGNITION-MEMORY) AD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD] AM=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_AM Anteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.AM] AN=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) AV=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV Anteroventral Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AV] CM=[BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus,FEC.FD.TH.CM] DLPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD] MB=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB] MDmc=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MID=Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus,FD.TH.MTH (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) OFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) Parasub=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PAS Parasubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PAS] Perirhinal=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER] PostCingulate=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG] Presub=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PRS Presubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PRS] Sub=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) SubPrePara=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) mPULV=[BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_MPV Medial Pulvinar,NPE.FD.TH.MPV] unavailable * [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/images/nrn1299-f2.jpg Mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F2.html Reference] (CT.MB-MEMORY) ADTH=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD] AMTH=[BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_AM Anteromedial Nucleus,NCP.FD.TH.AM] AVTH=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV Anteroventral Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AV] DTN=[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.LDT] LMB=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB] MMB=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB] MedialEC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) PAS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PAS Parasubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PAS] POS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS] PRS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PRS Presubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PRS] SEP=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP] SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) SupraMM=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM Supramammillary Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.SUM] TuberoMM=Lateral Tuberal Nuclei,LAC.FD.HT.LTUB (see [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus]) VTN=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/6/63/Taube_Figure_5a.png Head Direction Cell Circuit] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Reference] (CT.HEAD-DIRECTION) AD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD] DTN=[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.DTG] EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) IPD=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD] LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD] LHAB=[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula,FAM.FD.HB] LMB=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB] MVSN=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_MVBN Medial Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.MVBN] NPRP=[BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH Prepositus Nucleus,LRC.HL.NPH] PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR PRHC=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POR Postrhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.POR] PSUB=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS] RSP=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC] SUPGEN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_SG Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus,NSA.FD.TH.SG] VC=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC] unavailable * [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/images/nrn726-f3.jpg McNaughton Spatial Processing Network] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html Reference] (CP.VISUAL-SPATIAL-PROCESSING) EnthCortex=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HF=[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF] ITCortex=[BrainCenterNSA_NC_IT Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT] PCGRSP=[BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule,NC.MPL] ParInsVestCortex=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IPS_VIP Ventral Intraparietal Sulcus,NSA.NC.IPS.VIP] PosteriorParietalCortex=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_SPL_PG Caudal Precuneus,NPE.NC.SPL.PG] SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) SomSensCortex=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_PG_S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex,NCP.NC.PG.S1] VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC] unavailable * [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/thumb/f/f2/ITCortex_pathway.jpg/400px-ITCortex_pathway.jpg Visual Path to Hippocampus] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Inferior_temporal_cortex Reference] (CP.VISUAL-PATH-TO-HC) A=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM] ER=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) H=[BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation,FMM.FT.HF] IT=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE] PRPH=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER] TEO=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TEO Preoccipital Inferotemporal Area,NSA.NC.IT.TEO] V1=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_OCC_V1 Primary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V1] V2=Secondary Visual Cortex,NSA.NC.OCC.V2 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe]) V4=Fusiform Gyrus,NSA.NC.OCC.V4 (see [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe]) unavailable * [http://sni.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/3520/SNI-3-40-g001.png Amygdala and its network] - see [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Reference] (CF.AM-NET) BLN=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BP] CEA=Central Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM.CEA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) HTS=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN] ITC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE] LA=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) LHB=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula]) MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MPFC=[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OMPFC] NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG] RMTG=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG] STC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3] VGDM=[BrainRegionLAC_HL_VGN Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN] VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/46459/fpsyt-04-00061-HTML/image_m/fpsyt-04-00061-g002.jpg Neuronal projections in the hippocampus] - see [http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Reference] (CF.AM-HC) BLA=Basolateral Nuclear Complex,FAM.FT.AM.BL (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) DG=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG] ET=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) unavailable = References = (generated) * http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html * http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F2.html * http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells * http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v3/n2/fig_tab/nrn726_F3.html * http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Inferior_temporal_cortex * http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin * http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full