#summary Distal CA1 of Hippocampus @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaFMM] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1D] ---- This page covers biological details of component Distal CA1 of Hippocampus. Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. * *Top-down path to region*: Forebrain Telencephalon -> [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) -> Hippocampus (FMM.FT.HC) -> Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus (FMM.FT.HC.CA1) -> [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1D Distal CA1 of Hippocampus] (FMM.FT.HC.CA1D) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps]) * *Type*: cortex * *Quality*: L0 * *Brain area*: [BrainAreaFMM Forebrain - Memory Management Area] (FMM) * *Area circuit*: Emotional Hippocampus (MMAHCE) * *Role*: processor.memory.ca1 * *Function*: Long-term memory, motivational (generated) = Components = (generated) * no child items defined = Connectivity = (generated) http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/FMM.FT.HC.CA1D.dot.png *Inbound Region Connections:* || *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaFAM FAM] || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP FAM.FT.AM.BP] || Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[https://books.google.ru/books?id=P3fSBwAAQBAJ Detailed amygdalohippocampal projections (Bpc -> CA1D)] || || [BrainAreaFMM FMM] || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA2 FMM.FT.HC.CA2] || Dorsolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030645220600755X Flow of impulses in hippocampal region (CA2 -> CA1, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA3P FMM.FT.HC.CA3P] || Proximal CA3 of Hippocampus || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Neuronal projections in the hippocampus (CA3 -> CA1, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_LEC FMM.NC.PH.LEC] || Lateral Entorhinal Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061/full Neuronal projections in the hippocampus (ET -> CA1, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaLMC LMC] || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA] || Ventral Tegmental Area || modulatory-da || uncertain ||[http://neurowiki2012.wikispaces.com/Presynaptic+Mechanisms+of+Synaptic+Plasticity Reward circuit of human brain (VTA -> HC, abstract)] || *Outbound Region Connections:* || *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* || || [BrainAreaFAM FAM] || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_LAVM FAM.FT.AM.LAVM] || Ventromedial Amygdaloid Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [https://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc Fear regulation (Hippocampus -> LA, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT] || Lateral Septal Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (Hippo -> Septum, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_ACC_CORE FEC.FT.ACC.CORE] || Nucleus Accumbens Core || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/nucleus-accumbens.jpg Nucleus Accumbens (CA1 -> NACC, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaFMM FMM] || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBP FMM.FT.HF.SUBP] || Proximal Subiculum || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion Attractor Network in Hippocampus (CA1 -> SUB, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaLAC LAC] || [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_MPO LAC.FD.HT.MPO] || Median Preoptic Nucleus || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n7 Feeling (HC -> HT, abstract)] || || [BrainAreaLPC LPC] || [BrainRegionLPC_FT_AON LPC.FT.AON] || Anterior Olfactory Nucleus || excitatory-glu || driver || (unknown reference) || || [BrainAreaNDM NDM] || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_ROFCR NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR] || Most Rostral Orbitofrontal Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030100820900183X Simplified model of hippocampal formation anatomy (CA1 -> mPFC, abstract)] || || || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VMPFC NDM.NC.AL.VMPFC] || Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex || excitatory-glu || uncertain || [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncom.2011.00001/full Gating of medial prefrontal activity by the entorhinal cortex (HC -> MPFC, abstract)] || = Thirdparty Circuits = (generated) * [http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030100820900183X-gr4.jpg Simplified model of hippocampal formation anatomy] - see [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030100820900183X Reference] (CT.OPERATING-MODEL) Amyg=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM] CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) DG=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG] EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) mPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) unavailable * [http://www.scholarpedia.org/w/images/6/63/Taube_Figure_5a.png Head Direction Cell Circuit] - see [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Reference] (CT.HEAD-DIRECTION) AD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD Anterodorsal Nucleus,FMM.FD.TH.AD] DTN=[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus,LMC.HT.TG.DTG] EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) IPD=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD] LD=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_LD Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FMM.FD.TH.LD] LHAB=[BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula,FAM.FD.HB] LMB=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB] MVSN=[BrainRegionLPC_HT_MVBN Medial Vestibular Nucleus,LPC.HT.MVBN] NPRP=[BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH Prepositus Nucleus,LRC.HL.NPH] PC=Parietal Lobe,NC.LOBE.PAR PRHC=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POR Postrhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.POR] PSUB=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS Postsubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.POS] RSP=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC Retrosplenial Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.RSC] SUPGEN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_SG Suprageniculate Nucleus of Thalamus,NSA.FD.TH.SG] VC=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC] unavailable * [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.large.jpg Attractor Network in Hippocampus] - see [http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion Reference] (CT.ATTRACTOR-NETWORK) AN=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) DG=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG] EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) MBIN=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB Medial Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.MMB] MBOUT=[BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB Lateral Mammillary Nucleus,FMM.FD.MB.LMB] NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PERI=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER] PRESUB=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PRS Presubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PRS] SEP=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP] SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) unavailable * [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/biomodel/nucleus-accumbens.jpg Nucleus Accumbens] (unknown reference) (CF.NUCLEUUS-ACCUMBENS) CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PAS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PAS Parasubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PAS] PRR=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER Perirhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.PER] SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) unavailable * [http://d2avczb82rh8fa.cloudfront.net/content/jn/107/10/2633/F1.large.jpg Connectivity map of the habenula] - see [http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Reference] (CF.HB-CONN) CPu=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) EP=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_EPF Endopiriform Nucleus,FAM.FT.EPF] Hippo=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) IPN=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD] L=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula]) LH=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN] M=[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB] NAc=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG] Raphe=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see [BrainCenterHL_RF Medullary Reticular Formation]) SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) Septum=[BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei,FAM.FT.SEP] VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n7/images/nrn1432-f2.jpg Feeling] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n7 Reference] (CF.FEELING) AN=Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.AN (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) CG=[BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG Posterior Cingulate Cortex,NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG] HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) HT=[BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus,FD.HT] unavailable * [http://www.nature.com/npp/journal/v35/n1/images/npp2009121f1.jpg Fear regulation] - see [https://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc Reference] (CF.FEAR-REG) B=Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.B (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) CE=Central Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM.CEA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) Hippocampus=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) Hypothalamus=[BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus,FD.HT] ITC=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_ITC Intercalated Amygdaloid Nuclei,FAM.FT.AM.ITC] LA=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) Striatum=Striatum,FEC.FT.ST (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) dlPFC=Mid-Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.DLPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex]) vmPFC=[BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VMPFC Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex,NDM.NC.AL.VMPFC] unavailable * [http://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/1854/fncom-05-00001-HTML/image_m/fncom-05-00001-g006.jpg Gating of medial prefrontal activity by the entorhinal cortex] - see [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncom.2011.00001/full Reference] (CF.EC-MPFC) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) MPFC=Medial Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.MPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex]) unavailable * [http://sni.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/3520/SNI-3-40-g001.png Amygdala and its network] - see [http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin Reference] (CF.AM-NET) BLN=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BP] CEA=Central Amygdala,FAM.FT.AM.CEA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex]) HC=Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation]) HTS=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN] ITC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_IT_TE Inferotemporal Cortex,NSA.NC.IT.TE] LA=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) LHB=Lateral Habenula,FAM.FD.LHB (see [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula]) MD=Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus,FD.TH.MD (see [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus]) MPFC=[BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OMPFC] NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia]) PAG=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter,LMC.MM.PAG] RMTG=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG] STC=[BrainRegionNSA_NC_STG_A3 Wernicke's area A3,NSA.NC.STG.A3] VGDM=[BrainRegionLAC_HL_VGN Vagus Nucleus,LAC.HL.VGN] VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA] unavailable * [http://usvn.ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/wiki/research/am/hippocampo-amygdala-projections.png Detailed amygdalohippocampal projections] - see [https://books.google.ru/books?id=P3fSBwAAQBAJ Reference] (CF.AM-HC-DET) ABmg=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_AB Accessory Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.AB] Bmg=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BM Magnocellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BM] Bpc=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_BP Parvicellular Basal Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.BP] CA1D=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1D Distal CA1 of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1D] CA1P=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1P Proximal CA1 of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1P] L=Lateral Amygdaloid Nucleus,FAM.FT.AM.LA (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala]) PaS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PAS Parasubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PAS] PrS=[BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PRS Presubiculum,FMM.NC.PH.PRS] unavailable = References = (generated) * http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030100820900183X * http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells * http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/14/11/714/F1.expansion * http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 * http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n7 * https://brmlab.cz/project/brain_hacking/tdcs/pfc * http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncom.2011.00001/full * http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com/article.asp?issn=2152-7806;year=2012;volume=3;issue=2;spage=40;epage=46;aulast=Langevin * https://books.google.ru/books?id=P3fSBwAAQBAJ