#summary Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainAreaFEC] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FT_VP_VM]
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This page covers biological details of component Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial.
Region is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
* *Top-down path to region*: Forebrain Telencephalon -> [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) -> Globus Pallidus (FEC.FT.GP) -> Ventral Pallidum (FEC.FT.VP) -> [BrainRegionFEC_FT_VP_VM Ventral Pallidum Ventromedial] (FEC.FT.VP.VM) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
* *Type*: nucleus
* *Quality*: L0
* *Brain area*: [BrainAreaFEC Forebrain - Execution Control Area] (FEC)
* *Area circuit*: Cognitive Motivational Salience (FECAF)
* *Role*: basal.ganglia.pallidum
* *Function*: motivational loop, NAcc-shell
* *Notes to function*:
* projects to VTA, MD
* circuit - VP-VM-medial, VMPFC, NAcc-medial-shell, MD-rostral-medial
* circuit - VP-VM-lateral, VINS, NAcc-VL, MD-central
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)
* no child items defined
= Connectivity =
(generated)
http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/FEC.FT.VP.VM.dot.png
*Inbound Region Connections:*
|| *Source Area* || *Source Region* || *Source Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_DL FEC.FD.STN.DL] || Subthalamic Nucleus Dorsolateral || excitatory-glu || uncertain ||[http://www.neurology.org/content/70/21/1991/F2.expansion.html Functional subdivisions of the subthalamic nucleus (STN -> VP, abstract)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_ACC_SH FEC.FT.ACC.SH] || Nucleus Accumbens Shell || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain ||[http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Craving (NACC -> VPAL, abstract)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_IPAC_LT FEC.FT.IPAC.LT] || Lateral Interstitial Anterior Commissural Nucleus || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain ||(unknown reference) ||
*Outbound Region Connections:*
|| *Target Area* || *Target Region* || *Target Name* || *Type* || *Role* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainAreaFAM FAM] || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_MED FAM.FD.LHB.MED] || Lateral Habenula Medial Part || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (VP -> LHbM, abstract)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] || Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaFEC FEC] || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG FEC.HT.TG.RMTG] || Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainAreaLMC LMC] || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_PPN LMC.HT.TG.PPN] || Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning (VPAL -> PPTG, abstract)] ||
|| || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA] || Ventral Tegmental Area || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Craving (VPAL -> VTA, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainAreaNCP NCP] || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC NCP.FD.TH.MDC] || Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus || inhibitory-gaba || uncertain || [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] ||
= Thirdparty Circuits =
(generated)
* [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/images/6-HippocampalVTA.jpg Combining Novelty, Motivational Salience, and Reward to Control Attention and Learning] - see [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Reference] (CT.LONG-TERM-MEMORY-VTA)
ACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
CA1=Ventrolateral Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA1 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
CA3=Dorsomedial Cornu Ammonis of Hippocampus,FMM.FT.HC.CA3 (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
DG=[BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_DG Dentate Gyrus,FMM.FT.HC.DG]
EC=Entorhinal Cortex,FMM.NC.PH.ET (see [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex])
PFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex])
PPTG=[BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_PPN Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei,LMC.HT.TG.PPN]
SUB=Subiculum,FMM.FT.HF.SUB (see [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation])
VPAL=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]
* [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/images/nrn1345-i1.jpg Saccadic Vision] - see [http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Reference] (CP.SACCADIC-VISION)
BG=[BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia,FEC.FT.BG]
CN=Caudate Nucleus,FEC.FT.CN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
CR=Cerebellum,LLC.HT.CR (see [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex])
FrontalCortex=Anterior Lobe,NC.LOBE.ANT
GPe=Globus Pallidus External,FEC.FT.GPE (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
LGN=[BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN Lateral Geniculate Nucleus,NSA.FD.LGN]
LIP=[BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP Lateral Intraparietal Sulcus,NPE.NC.IPS.LIP]
RF=[BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation,HT.RF]
Retina=[BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus,LPC.FD.RT]
SCi=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
SCs=Superior Colliculus,MM.SC (see [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon])
SNpr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Dorsolateral,FEC.FT.SNR.DL]
STN=Subthalamic Nucleus,FEC.FD.STN (see [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area])
Thalamus=Thalamus,FD.TH
VisualCortex=[BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe,NC.LOBE.OCC]
* [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/images/nn.3779-F2.jpg Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems] - see [http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Reference] (CF.HB-DA5HT)
DBB=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB Diagonal Band of Broca,FAM.FT.SEP.DBB]
DRN=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN Dorsal Raphe Nucleus,LMC.MM.RP.DRN]
GPb=Dorsal Pallidum,FEC.FT.DP (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
IPN=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.IPD]
LHA=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_LTN Lateral Hypothalamic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.LTN]
LHbL=[BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_LT Lateral Habenula Lateral Part,FAM.FD.LHB.LT]
LHbM=[BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_MED Lateral Habenula Medial Part,FAM.FD.LHB.MED]
LPO=[BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VLPO Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus,LAC.FD.HT.VLPO]
LS=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT Lateral Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.LT]
MHb=[BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB Medial Habenula,FAM.FD.MHB]
MRN=Raphe Nuclei of Medulla,LMC.HL.RP (see [BrainCenterHL_RF Medullary Reticular Formation])
MS=[BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_MED Medial Septal Nucleus,FAM.FT.SEP.MED]
PS=Posterior Septal Group,FAM.FT.SEP.PG (see [BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei])
RMTg=[BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus,FEC.HT.TG.RMTG]
SNc=Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta,FEC.FT.SNC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
VP=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]
* [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/images/8-Urges9proof.jpg Craving] - see [http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html Reference] (CF.CRAVING)
NACC=Accumbens Nucleus,FEC.FT.ACC (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
OMPFC=Orbitofrontal Cortex,NC.AL.OPFC (see [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex])
SNr=[BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Medial,FEC.FT.SNR.MED]
VPAL=Ventral Pallidum,FEC.FT.VP (see [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia])
VTA=[BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area,LMC.MM.VTA]
= References =
(generated)
* http://www.impulsecontroldisorders.org/html/cravings.html
* http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html
* http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html