#summary Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon
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This page covers biological details of component group Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon.
Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.
* *Top-down path to center*: Midbrain Mesencephalon -> Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon (MM.REF) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
* *Function*:
* *Notes to function*: Generate simple motor signal by sensory without cortex
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)
*Component items*:
* *Auditory Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon* (MM.REF.AUD)
* *Inferior Colliculus* (ABA.MM.IC)
* [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC Central Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LPC.MM.CIC): Integrate and relay auditory information to cortex, detection of pitch, spatial localization by binaural hearing
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_EIC External Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.EIC): Middle ear reflex
* [BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC Superior Olivary Complex] (LPC.MM.SOC): Bilateral Audition
* *Visual Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon* (MM.REF.VIS)
* *Superior Colliculus* (MM.SC): Direct behavioral responses toward specific points in egocentric space, induce saccadic eye movement
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP Superficial Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.SUP): Head and eye attention to visual stimuli
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.INT): Sensimotor integration for orienting
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP Deep Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.DEEP): Head and eye attention to non-visual stimuli
* *Supraoculomotor Area* (VBA.MM.SOA): Control of vergence
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ Cajal Nucleus] (LRC.MM.CJ): Integration of head and eye movements, controls downward vertical gaze
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_RIMLF Rostral Interstitial Nucleus of MLF] (LRC.MM.RIMLF): Integration of head and eye movements, controls upward vertical gaze
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_DSCH Darkschewitsch Nucleus] (LRC.MM.DSCH): Mediate the consensual pupillary light reflex
* *Pretectum* (MM.PT)
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_PTA Anterior Pretectum Nucleus] (LRC.MM.PT.PTA): Mediate somatosensory and nociceptive information
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT Nucleus of Optic Tract] (LRC.MM.PT.NOT): Encode retinal error information during smooth pursuit eye movements
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_PON Pretectal Olivary Nucleus] (LRC.MM.PT.PON): Pupillary light reflex and modulating subcortical nuclei involved in circadian rhythms
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_PR Principal Pretectal Nucleus] (LRC.MM.PT.PR): Pupillary light reflex
* [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_SL Sublentiform Nucleus] (LRC.MM.PT.SL): Accomodation reflex
= Connectivity =
(generated)
*Internal Regions Connections:*
|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC Central Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LPC.MM.CIC) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_EIC External Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.EIC) || [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (ICC -> ICx, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC Superior Olivary Complex] (LPC.MM.SOC) || [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC Central Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LPC.MM.CIC) || [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Auditory System in Brain (Olive -> IC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLRC_MM_EIC External Nucleus of Inferior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.EIC) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.INT) || [http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (ICx -> SC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT Nucleus of Optic Tract] (LRC.MM.PT.NOT) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP Superficial Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.SUP) || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP Deep Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.DEEP) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ Cajal Nucleus] (LRC.MM.CJ) || [http://www.cixip.com/index.php/page/content/id/1190 Summary of eye movement control (SC -> riMLF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.INT) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP Deep Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.DEEP) || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SCs -> SCi, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP Superficial Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.SUP) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT Intermediate Superior Colliculus] (LRC.MM.SC.INT) || [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SCs -> SCi, abstract)] ||
*External Connections:*
*External Inbound Center Connections:*
|| *Source Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala] (FAM.FT.AM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_LAVM FAM.FT.AM.LAVM] -> [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC LPC.MM.CIC]||[http://f1000research.com/articles/2-20/v1 Visual-Auditory Interactions in Tectum (AM -> IC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SCN LAC.FD.HT.SCN] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT LRC.MM.PT.NOT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus] (FD.TH.SR) || [BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN NSA.FD.LGN] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT LRC.MM.PT.NOT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_DL FEC.FT.SNR.DL] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT LRC.MM.SC.INT]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SNr -> SCi, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_MN Myelencephalic Motor Nuclei] (HL.MN) || [BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH LRC.HL.NPH] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT LRC.MM.PT.NOT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_SN Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei] (HL.SN) || [BrainRegionLPC_HL_DCOCH LPC.HL.DCOCH] -> [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC LPC.MM.CIC]||[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (DCN -> ICC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_SN Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei] (HT.SN) || [BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_LL LPC.HT.PN.LL] -> [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC LPC.MM.CIC]||[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNLL -> ICC, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_TG Pontine Tegmental Nuclei] (HT.TG) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT LRC.MM.SC.INT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex] (LLC.HT.CRC) || [BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_GN LLC.HT.CR.GN] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_DSCH LRC.MM.DSCH]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT Retinal Nucleus] (LPC.FD.RT) || [BrainRegionLPC_FD_RT LPC.FD.RT] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_NOT LRC.MM.PT.NOT]||[http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~uzwiak/AnatPhys/Vision.htm Targets of retina neurons (Retina -> Pretectum, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterLPC_HT_VBN Vestibular Nuclei] (LPC.HT.VBN) || [BrainRegionLPC_HT_MVBN LPC.HT.MVBN] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_DSCH LRC.MM.DSCH]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule] (NC.IPL) || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPL_MST NPE.NC.IPL.MST] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP LRC.MM.SC.SUP]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (ParietalCortex -> SCi, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_LOBE_OCC Occipital Lobe] (NC.LOBE.OCC) || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_OCC_V3D NPE.NC.OCC.V3D] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ LRC.MM.CJ]||[http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (VAC -> SupraOculomotor, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex] (NC.PMC) || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ LRC.MM.CJ]||[http://www.cixip.com/index.php/page/content/id/1190 Summary of eye movement control (FEF -> riMLF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNSA_NC_IPS Intraparietal Sulcus] (NSA.NC.IPS) || [BrainRegionNPE_NC_IPS_LIP NPE.NC.IPS.LIP] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ LRC.MM.CJ]||[http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Vision Components (VAC -> SOA, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNSA_NC_TTG Transverse Temporal Gyrus] (NSA.NC.TTG) || [BrainRegionNSA_NC_TTG_A1 NSA.NC.TTG.A1] -> [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC LPC.MM.CIC]||[http://f1000research.com/articles/2-20/v1 Visual-Auditory Interactions in Tectum (AC -> IC, abstract)] ||
*External Outbound Center Connections:*
|| *Target Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus] (FD.TH.CR) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT LRC.MM.SC.INT] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD FMM.FD.TH.AD]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SCi -> ATH, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_MR Motor Thalamus] (FD.TH.MR) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_PTA LRC.MM.PT.PTA] -> [BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_LP NPE.FD.TH.LP]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus] (FD.TH.SR) || [BrainRegionLPC_MM_CIC LPC.MM.CIC] -> [BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_MGB NSA.FD.TH.MGB]||[http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd6.html Auditory System in Brain (IC -> MGB, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area] (FEC.FD.STA) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_PT_PTA LRC.MM.PT.PTA] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_ICD FEC.FD.STN.ICD]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP LRC.MM.SC.DEEP] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT FEC.FT.SNC.LT]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SCi -> SNc, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_SN Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei] (HL.SN) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_DSCH LRC.MM.DSCH] -> [BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO LLC.HL.IO]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation] (HT.RF) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP LRC.MM.SC.DEEP] -> [BrainRegionLLC_HT_PRF_RTMG LLC.HT.PRF.RTMG]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0387760401003308 Geniculate and Extyrageniculate Paths (SC -> RF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_SN Metencephalic Sensory Nuclei] (HT.SN) || [BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC LPC.MM.SOC] -> [BrainRegionLPC_HT_PN_LL LPC.HT.PN.LL]||[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (LSO -> DNLL)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLPC_HT_ABD Abducens Nucleus] (LPC.HT.ABD) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP LRC.MM.SC.DEEP] -> [BrainRegionLPC_HT_ABD LPC.HT.ABD]||[http://unifiedtao-en.blogspot.ru/2011/03/what-we-see-of-tao.html Retina and superior colliculus targets (SC -> Abducens, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterMM_PER Perhipheral Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon] (MM.PER) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_CJ LRC.MM.CJ] -> [BrainRegionLPC_MM_OCN LPC.MM.OCN]||[http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter07.html Eye blink reflex and pupillary light reflex (SupraOculomotor -> Oculomotor, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterMM_RF Mesencephalic Reticular Formation] (MM.RF) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_SUP LRC.MM.SC.SUP] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_RP_RIP LRC.MM.RP.RIP]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899301025987 Horizontal saccades and smooth pursuit movements (SC -> RIP, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterSC_VH Anterior/Ventral Horn] (SC.VH) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_DEEP LRC.MM.SC.DEEP] -> [BrainRegionLPC_SC_VH_SAN LPC.SC.VH.SAN]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR Ear] (TARGET.TSA.EAR) || [BrainRegionLPC_MM_SOC LPC.MM.SOC] -> [BrainRegionTARGET_TSA_EAR TARGET.TSA.EAR]||[http://lifeboat.com/ex/law.of.accelerating.returns Five Parallel Auditory Pathways (VNTB -> Cochlea)] ||