#summary Pontine Tegmental Nuclei
@@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainCenterHT_TG]
----

This page covers biological details of component group Pontine Tegmental Nuclei.
Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to center*: Hindbrain Metencephalon -> Pontine Tegmental Nuclei (HT.TG) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Function*: 
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


*Component items*:
  * [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI Incertus Nucleus] (FAM.HT.TG.NI): Behavioural activation and the response to stress
  * [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus] (LMC.HT.TG.LDT): Modulating sustained attention or in mediating alerting responses
  * [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_PPN Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nuclei] (LMC.HT.TG.PPN): Provide sensory feedback to cerebral cortex; modulatory
  * [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.RMTG): locomotion - walking, running
  * [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.IPD): postural control, voluntary arm and eye movements

= Connectivity =
(generated)


*Internal Regions Connections:*

<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/CENTER.HT.TG_internals.dot.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">


|| *Source Region* || *Target Region* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.IPD) || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus] (LMC.HT.TG.LDT) || [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (IPD -> DTN)] ||
|| [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.RMTG) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.IPD) || (unknown reference) ||
||  || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus] (LMC.HT.TG.LDT) || (unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT Laterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus] (LMC.HT.TG.LDT) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD Interpeduncular Nucleus] (FEC.HT.TG.IPD) || (unknown reference) ||

*External Connections:*

<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/CENTER.HT.TG_externals.dot.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

*External Inbound Center Connections:*

|| *Source Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula] (FAM.FD.HB) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_LHB_MED FAM.FD.LHB.MED] -> [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI]||[http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00826/full Regulation of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by habenular projection (LHbM -> NI)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_LMB FMM.FD.MB.LMB] -> [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT LMC.HT.TG.LDT]||[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (LMB -> DTN)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus] (FD.TH.SR) || [BrainRegionNSA_FD_TH_SG NSA.FD.TH.SG] -> [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT LMC.HT.TG.LDT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area] (FEC.FD.STA) || [BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_ICD FEC.FD.STN.ICD] -> [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNR_MED FEC.FT.SNR.MED] -> [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_MN Myelencephalic Motor Nuclei] (HL.MN) || [BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH LRC.HL.NPH] -> [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT LMC.HT.TG.LDT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_RF Pontine Reticular Formation] (HT.RF) || [BrainRegionLRC_HT_PRF_RPO LRC.HT.PRF.RPO] -> [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC Locus Coeruleus] (LMC.HT.LC) || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC LMC.HT.LC] -> [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v11/n6/fig_tab/nrn2849_F7.html Contribution of nAChR subunits to nicotine withdrawal symptoms (LC -> IPN)] ||

*External Outbound Center Connections:*

|| *Target Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FT_CEAM Central Extended Amygdala] (FAM.FT.CEAM) || [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_EPF FAM.FT.EPF]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei] (FAM.FT.SEP) || [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SF FAM.FT.SEP.SF]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_RMTG FEC.HT.TG.RMTG] -> [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_VLPO LAC.FD.HT.VLPO]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus] (FD.TH.SR) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionNSA_FD_LGN NSA.FD.LGN]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FD_STA Subthalamus Area] (FEC.FD.STA) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FD_STN_LT FEC.FD.STN.LT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FT_SNC_LT FEC.FT.SNC.LT]||[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> SNc, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA3P FMM.FT.HC.CA3P]||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Hippo, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_MN Myelencephalic Motor Nuclei] (HL.MN) || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT LMC.HT.TG.LDT] -> [BrainRegionLRC_HL_NPH LRC.HL.NPH]||[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (DTN -> NPRP)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_PSN Myelencephalic Parasympathetic Nuclei] (HL.PSN) || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_TG_LDT LMC.HT.TG.LDT] -> [BrainRegionLAC_HL_SAL_ISL LAC.HL.SAL.ISL]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterHL_RF Medullary Reticular Formation] (HL.RF) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLMC_HL_RP_MG LMC.HL.RP.MG]||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> Raphe, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter] (LMC.MM.PAG) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG LMC.MM.PAG]||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (IPN -> PAG)] ||
|| [BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA Ventral Tegmental Area] (LMC.MM.VTA) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLMC_MM_VTA LMC.MM.VTA]||[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> VTA)] ||
|| [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon] (MM.REF) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT LRC.MM.SC.INT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterMM_RF Mesencephalic Reticular Formation] (MM.RF) || [BrainRegionFEC_HT_TG_IPD FEC.HT.TG.IPD] -> [BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN LMC.MM.RP.DRN]||[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n9/fig_tab/nn.3779_F2.html Both LHb and MHb control the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (IPN -> DRN)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex] (NC.PHA.RH) || [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI] -> [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_PER FMM.NC.PH.PER]||(unknown reference) ||