#summary Cognitive Thalamus @@[Home] -> [BiologicalLifeResearch] -> [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR] ---- This page covers biological details of component group Cognitive Thalamus. Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model. * *Top-down path to center*: Forebrain Diencephalon -> Thalamus (FD.TH) -> Cognitive Thalamus (FD.TH.CR) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps]) * *Function*: Relay cognitive activity (generated) = Components = (generated) *Component items*: * *Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus* (FD.TH.MD): Attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory * [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM Medial Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus] (NDM.FD.TH.MDM): relay emotional attention to orbitofrontal cortex * [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC Central Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus] (NCP.FD.TH.MDC): relay olfactory neocortex to insular integrated neocortex * [BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL Lateral Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus] (NMA.FD.TH.MDL): relay tegmentum to dorsal cingulate cortex * *Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus* (FD.TH.AN): Extended hippocampal system * [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_AM Anteromedial Nucleus] (NCP.FD.TH.AM): feed-forward HF to PFC * [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV Anteroventral Nucleus] (FMM.FD.TH.AV): return loop to convey theta to HF, attentional processes * [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD Anterodorsal Nucleus] (FMM.FD.TH.AD): head direction, spatial learning and memory * *Intralaminar and Midline Nuclei of Thalamus* (FD.TH.IML) * *Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus* (FEC.FD.TH.IL): Projects from SC LVII,LVIII and Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus to striatum * [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_RIL Rostral Intralaminar Nuclear Group of Thalamus] (NCP.FD.TH.RIL): cognitive functions * *Caudal Intralaminar Nucleus of Thalamus* (FEC.FD.TH.CIL): Stimulate memory-guided response * [BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM Centromedian Nucleus of Thalamus] (FEC.FD.TH.CM): Control of level of cortical activity * [BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_PF Parafascicular Nucleus of Thalamus] (FEC.FD.TH.PF): Stimulation of acetylcholine release in dorsal striata * *Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus* (FD.TH.MTH) * *Dorsal Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus* (FD.TH.MDT): viscero-limbic functions * [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT Paratenial Nucleus of Thalamus] (FAM.FD.TH.PT): Gateway for multimodal information to limbic system used in selecting appropriate responses * [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_PV Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus] (NDM.FD.TH.PV): Direct behavior toward a particular outcome over a range of outcomes * *Ventral Midline Nuclear Group of Thalamus* (FD.TH.MVT): multimodal sensory processing functions * [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_RE Reuniens Nucleus of Thalamus] (FMM.FD.TH.RE): Gate information between OMPFC and HC dependent upon attentive/arousal states * [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_RH Rhomboidal Nucleus of Thalamus] (FMM.FD.TH.RH): Communication of information across memory delays to guide memory responses * [BrainRegionLLC_FD_TH_SF Subfascicular Nucleus of Thalamus] (LLC.FD.TH.SF): Relays from PAG to Rhape nuclei, Inferior olive nucleus = Connectivity = (generated) *Internal Regions Connections:* * no connections *External Connections:* unavailable *External Inbound Center Connections:* || *Source Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* || || [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala] (FAM.FT.AM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MPV FAM.FT.AM.MPV] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_RE FMM.FD.TH.RE]||[http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Oculomotor decision-making (AMYG -> Thalamus, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterFAM_FT_SEP Septal Nuclei] (FAM.FT.SEP) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_MED FAM.FT.SEP.MED] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_PF FEC.FD.TH.PF]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_MPO LAC.FD.HT.MPO] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionFEC_FT_VP_VM FEC.FT.VP.VM] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (BG -> Thalamus, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBD FMM.FT.HF.SUBD] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV FMM.FD.TH.AV]||[http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/the-thalamus-and-cerebral-cortex-integrative-systems-part-2/ Thalamocortical relationships (s1A -> A, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterLLC_HT_CRC Cerebellar Complex] (LLC.HT.CRC) || [BrainRegionLLC_HT_CR_EN LLC.HT.CR.EN] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FD_TH_CM FEC.FD.TH.CM]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG Periaqueductal Gray Matter] (LMC.MM.PAG) || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_PAG LMC.MM.PAG] -> [BrainRegionLLC_FD_TH_SF LLC.FD.TH.SF]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterMM_REF Reflexes Nuclei of Midbrain Mesencephalon] (MM.REF) || [BrainRegionLRC_MM_SC_INT LRC.MM.SC.INT] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD FMM.FD.TH.AD]||[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438808001566 Global visual system (SCi -> ATH, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterMM_RF Mesencephalic Reticular Formation] (MM.RF) || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN LMC.MM.RP.DRN] -> [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_PV NDM.FD.TH.PV]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.OMPFC) || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_ROFCR NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_RE FMM.FD.TH.RE]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule] (NC.MPL) || [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC NCP.NC.MPL.RSC] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD FMM.FD.TH.AD]||[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (RSP -> AD)] || || [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex] (NC.PHA.RH) || [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_MEC FMM.NC.PH.MEC] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV FMM.FD.TH.AV]||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (EC -> AN, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterSC_IZ Intermediate Zone] (SC.IZ) || [BrainRegionLPC_SC_IZ_CCV LPC.SC.IZ.CCV] -> [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_RIL NCP.FD.TH.RIL]||(unknown reference) || *External Outbound Center Connections:* || *Target Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* || || [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala] (FAM.FT.AM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_LAVL FAM.FT.AM.LAVL]||[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> AM, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterFAM_FT_CEAM Central Extended Amygdala] (FAM.FT.CEAM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_BNST FAM.FT.BNST]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_PV NDM.FD.TH.PV] -> [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_MPO LAC.FD.HT.MPO]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterFD_TH_SR Sensory Thalamus] (FD.TH.SR) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionNPE_FD_TH_MPV NPE.FD.TH.MPV]||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> mPULV, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterFEC_FT_BG Basal Ganglia] (FEC.FT.BG) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionFEC_FT_ACC_CORE FEC.FT.ACC.CORE]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AV FMM.FD.TH.AV] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1P FMM.FT.HC.CA1P]||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (AN -> HC, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterFMM_NC_PHA_RS Retrosubicular Area] (FMM.NC.PHA.RS) || [BrainRegionFMM_FD_TH_AD FMM.FD.TH.AD] -> [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_POS FMM.NC.PH.POS]||[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Head_direction_cells Head Direction Cell Circuit (AD -> PSUB)] || || [BrainCenterHL_SN Myelencephalic Sensory Nuclei] (HL.SN) || [BrainRegionLLC_FD_TH_SF LLC.FD.TH.SF] -> [BrainRegionLLC_HL_IO LLC.HL.IO]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterMM_RF Mesencephalic Reticular Formation] (MM.RF) || [BrainRegionLLC_FD_TH_SF LLC.FD.TH.SF] -> [BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_DRN LMC.MM.RP.DRN]||(unknown reference) || || [BrainCenterNC_ACG Anterior Cingulate Area] (NC.ACG) || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_AM NCP.FD.TH.AM] -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VACG NDM.NC.AL.VACG]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_AL_LPFC Lateral Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.LPFC) || [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_MDM NDM.FD.TH.MDM] -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_DLPFCR NDM.NC.AL.DLPFCR]||[https://www.google.ru/search?hl=rutbo=ptbm=bksq=isbn:0080887988 Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) in emotional behavior (TH -> LPFC, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.OMPFC) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_ROFCR NDM.NC.AL.ROFCR]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n3/box/nrn1345_BX1.html Saccadic Vision (Thalamus -> FrontalCortex, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_INS Insular Cortex] (NC.INS) || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_MDC NCP.FD.TH.MDC] -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_INS_AIC NCP.NC.INS.AIC]||[http://neuropolitics.org/defaultmay10.asp Amygdalar disruption of prefrontal cortex (TH -> INS, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule] (NC.MPL) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_PSCG NCP.NC.MPL.PSCG]||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> PostCingulate, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_PHA_RH Rhinal Cortex] (NC.PHA.RH) || [BrainRegionFAM_FD_TH_PT FAM.FD.TH.PT] -> [BrainRegionFMM_NC_PH_LEC FMM.NC.PH.LEC]||[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/18/6/384/F1.expansion.html Contributions of Diencephalon to Recognition Memory (MID -> EC, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_PMC Premotor Cortex] (NC.PMC) || [BrainRegionNMA_FD_TH_MDL NMA.FD.TH.MDL] -> [BrainRegionNPE_NC_PMC_AFEF NPE.NC.PMC.AFEF]||[http://www.springerimages.com/Images/LifeSciences/1-10.1007_s00359-004-0565-9-0 Oculomotor decision-making (Thalamus -> FEF, abstract)] || || [BrainCenterNC_SPL Superior Parietal Lobule] (NC.SPL) || [BrainRegionNCP_FD_TH_RIL NCP.FD.TH.RIL] -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_SPL_SA NCP.NC.SPL.SA]||(unknown reference) ||