#summary Septal Nuclei
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This page covers biological details of component group Septal Nuclei.
Component group is part of aHuman target integrated biological model.

  * *Top-down path to center*: Forebrain Telencephalon -> Extended Amygdala (FAM.FT.EXTAM) -> Septal Nuclei (FAM.FT.SEP) (see [OverallMindMaps Mind Maps])
  * *Function*: Inhibition of fear and expression of pleasurable responses
(generated)
= Components =
(generated)


*Component items*:
  * *Dorsal Septal Nucleus* (FAM.FT.SEP.DS)
   * *Lateral Septal Group* (FAM.FT.SEP.LG)
    * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT Lateral Septal Nucleus] (FAM.FT.SEP.LT): promote active stress coping behavior
    * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SH Septohippocampal Nucleus] (FAM.FT.SEP.SH): participate in solving conflict between two or more competing goals, defensive circuit
   * *Medial Septal Group* (FAM.FT.SEP.MG)
    * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_MED Medial Septal Nucleus] (FAM.FT.SEP.MED): affect HC for spatial learning, generation of theta waves
    * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB Diagonal Band of Broca] (FAM.FT.SEP.DBB): involved in generation of theta waves in hippocampus
  * *Posterior Septal Group* (FAM.FT.SEP.PG)
   * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_BAC Bed Nucleus of Anterior Commissure] (FAM.FT.SEP.BAC): projection to contralateral HC
   * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SF Septofimbrial Nucleus] (FAM.FT.SEP.SF): afferent to medial habenula, primary input to indirect encoding negative feedback
   * [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_TR Triangular Septal Nucleus] (FAM.FT.SEP.TR): afferent to medial habenula, interpeduncular nucleus

= Connectivity =
(generated)


*Internal Regions Connections:*
  * no connections

*External Connections:*

<img src="http://ahuman.org/svn/ahwiki/images/dot/CENTER.FAM.FT.SEP_externals.dot.png" alt="unavailable" style="max-width: 100%;">

*External Inbound Center Connections:*

|| *Source Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FT_AM Amygdala] (FAM.FT.AM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_AM_MPV FAM.FT.AM.MPV] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FT_CEAM Central Extended Amygdala] (FAM.FT.CEAM) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_BNST FAM.FT.BNST] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_BAC FAM.FT.SEP.BAC]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionLAC_FD_HT_SUM LAC.FD.HT.SUM] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB FAM.FT.SEP.DBB]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F4.html Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SupraMM -> SEP, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) || [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HC_CA1D FMM.FT.HC.CA1D] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT]||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (Hippo -> Septum, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterHT_TG Pontine Tegmental Nuclei] (HT.TG) || [BrainRegionFAM_HT_TG_NI FAM.HT.TG.NI] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SF FAM.FT.SEP.SF]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC Locus Coeruleus] (LMC.HT.LC) || [BrainRegionLMC_HT_LC LMC.HT.LC] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB FAM.FT.SEP.DBB]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterMM_RF Mesencephalic Reticular Formation] (MM.RF) || [BrainRegionLMC_MM_RP_SUC LMC.MM.RP.SUC] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.OMPFC) || [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_FPC NDM.NC.AL.FPC] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_SH FAM.FT.SEP.SH]||(unknown reference) ||

*External Outbound Center Connections:*

|| *Target Center* || *Sample Link* || *Reference* ||
|| [BrainCenterFAM_FD_HB Habenula] (FAM.FD.HB) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_BAC FAM.FT.SEP.BAC] -> [BrainRegionFAM_FD_MHB FAM.FD.MHB]||[http://jn.physiology.org/content/107/10/2633 Connectivity map of the habenula (Septum -> M, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_HT Hypothalamus] (FD.HT) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB FAM.FT.SEP.DBB] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FD_MB_MMB FMM.FD.MB.MMB]||[http://www.thebrainlabs.com Cingulate Gyrus (SEP -> HT, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterFD_TH_CR Cognitive Thalamus] (FD.TH.CR) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_LT FAM.FT.SEP.LT] -> [BrainRegionNDM_FD_TH_PV NDM.FD.TH.PV]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterFMM_FT_HF Hippocampal Formation] (FMM.FT.HF) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_BAC FAM.FT.SEP.BAC] -> [BrainRegionFMM_FT_HF_SUBP FMM.FT.HF.SUBP]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F4.html Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SEP -> HF, abstract)] ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_AL_OMPFC Orbitomedial Prefrontal Cortex] (NC.AL.OMPFC) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_DBB FAM.FT.SEP.DBB] -> [BrainRegionNDM_NC_AL_VMPFC NDM.NC.AL.VMPFC]||(unknown reference) ||
|| [BrainCenterNC_MPL Medial Parietal Lobule] (NC.MPL) || [BrainRegionFAM_FT_SEP_MED FAM.FT.SEP.MED] -> [BrainRegionNCP_NC_MPL_RSC NCP.NC.MPL.RSC]||[http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v5/n1/fig_tab/nrn1299_F4.html Medial mammillary nucleus and theta rhythm (SEP -> RSP, abstract)] ||